Eco-Friendly Biomass Production and Identification of Active Compounds of <i>Paenibacillus polymyxa</i> EB.KN35 with Potent Anti-<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Effect
2025
Van Anh Ngo | Anh Dzung Nguyen | San-Lang Wang | Tu Quy Phan | Thi Ha Trang Tran | Dinh Sy Nguyen | Van Bon Nguyen
<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> is a fungal plant pathogen for over 100 agricultural crop species. There are strategies for managing <i>Fusarium</i> wilt, including antagonistic bacteria that offer a promising and sustainable effect. In this work, among the various endophytic bacterial strains, <i>Paenibacillus polymyxa</i> EB.KN35 was selected as the best antifungal strain against <i>F. oxysporum</i>. For eco-friendly biomass production of this bacterium, some agricultural byproducts were tested for cultivation, and a soybean processing byproduct (SPBP) was found to be a suitable C/N source for <i>P. polymyxa</i> EB.KN35 fermentation. The utilization of a 14 L bioreactor system for <i>P. polymyxa</i> EB.KN35 fermentation achieved a high biomass productivity (3.46 × 10<sup>11</sup> CFU/mL) in a short time (8 h). In bioactive compound analysis, EB.KN35 was found to be secreting several plant growth-promoting compounds such as GA3, IAA, kinetin, and zeatin (via HPLC) and eleven volatile compounds (via GC–MS). The docking study indicated that some volatile compounds (1, 2, 4, and 9) may play a significant role in inhibiting <i>F. oxysporum</i>. The study results highlight the potential for reusing a soybean processing byproduct as a C/N source for the bioproduction of <i>P. polymyxa</i> EB.KN35 with potential use as a biocontrol agent and biofertilizer.
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