Mastitis in Dairy Cows: Current Knowledge
2024
Kwestan Najm Ali | Rizgar Raheem Sulaiman | Hardi Fattah Marif | Basim Abdulwahid Ali
According to the global dairy industry, mastitis is the costliest production disease affecting dairy herds. Many different microorganisms, including dominant and pathogenic microorganisms like Streptococcus uberis, Corynebacterium bovis, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, Mycoplasma species, fungi, yeast, and chlamydia are the cause of it. The clinical mastitis symptoms include changes in the milk, like flakes and clots, and indications of mammary gland inflammation, like swelling, heat, pain, and edema. The term "Subclinical mastitis" is the term used to describe inflammation of the mammary gland when there is no noticeable lesion in the udder or its secretion. However, pathogenic microorganisms are still present, leading to a reduction in milk production. The milk secretion also includes bacteria and the composition of the milk changes. Choosing animal breeds resistant to disease and incorporate this trait into farm herds is an effective way to reduce the issues brought on by infectious diseases Thus, the need for medication, which will lower environmental and product contamination levels, will be reduced. This review aims to summarize the state of knowledge regarding the causes, pathophysiology, manifestations, treatment, and avoidance of bovine mastitis.
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