Bioecología y manejo de Piezodorus guildinii (Hemíptera: Pentatomidae) en el cultivo de soya Glycine max

In Ecuador, soybean production is of great relevance and representativeness in the agricultural sector. However, in recent years it has not shown greater competitiveness due to the variety of insects that infest the plantations, which leads to the use of biosides that cause a detrimental effect on the environment and human health. It is recognized as the main insect that attacks soybean, Piezodorus guildinii, being of vital relevance for this crop. Research on the bioecology and control of P. guildinii in the soybean crop focused on discovering efficient and sustainable tactics for the management of this pest. The presence of the bug in soybean causes alterations in the phenological phase of seed filling, causing a slowdown in grain growth, deformation and discoloration of the grain, rapid maturation of the plant and ease of entry of disease-causing pathogens. The maximum amount of damage that occurs in the soybean crop occurs when there are between 2 and 3 bugs per plant. The strategies implemented for insect control, based on biological and cultural techniques, contribute to reduce the insect population naturally through crop rotation, the use of resistant varieties and the release of natural enemies (parasitoids). These methods are efficient and effective in the prevention and propagation of P. guildinii, as well as the relevance that these methods bring to the environment

In Ecuador, soybean production is of great relevance and representativeness in the agricultural sector. However, in recent years it has not shown greater competitiveness due to the variety of insects that infest the plantations, which leads to the use of biosides that cause a detrimental effect on the environment and human health. It is recognized as the main insect that attacks soybean, Piezodorus guildinii, being of vital relevance for this crop. Research on the bioecology and control of P. guildinii in the soybean crop focused on discovering efficient and sustainable tactics for the management of this pest. The presence of the bug in soybean causes alterations in the phenological phase of seed filling, causing a slowdown in grain growth, deformation and discoloration of the grain, rapid maturation of the plant and ease of entry of disease-causing pathogens. The maximum amount of damage that occurs in the soybean crop occurs when there are between 2 and 3 bugs per plant. The strategies implemented for insect control, based on biological and cultural techniques, contribute to reduce the insect population naturally through crop rotation, the use of resistant varieties and the release of natural enemies (parasitoids). These methods are efficient and effective in the prevention and propagation of P. guildinii, as well as the relevance that these methods bring to the environment

En Ecuador, la producción de soya es de gran relevancia y representatividad en el sector agrícola. Sin embargo, en años recientes no ha demostrado mayor competitividad debido a la variedad de insectos que infestan las plantaciones, lo que lleva a la utilización de biosidas que causan un efecto perjudicial en el medio ambiente y en la salud humana. Es reconocido como el insecto principal que ataca la soya, Piezodorus guildinii, siendo de vital relevancia para este cultivo. La investigación acerca de la bioecología y el control de P. guildinii en el cultivo de soya se enfocó en descubrir tácticas eficientes y sostenibles para la gestión de esta plaga. La presencia del chinche en la soya provoca alteraciones en la fase fenológica del llenado de semilla, provocando una ralentización en el crecimiento del grano, deformación y decoloración del mismo, rápida maduración de la planta y la facilidad a la entrada de agentes patógenos que provocan enfermedades. La cifra máxima de daño que ocurre en el cultivo de soya se produce cuando existen entre 2 y 3 chinches por cada planta. Las estrategias que se implementan para el control de insectos, fundamentadas en técnicas biológicas y culturales, contribuyen a reducir la población de insectos de forma natural a través de la rotación de cultivos, la utilización de variedades resistentes y la liberación de enemigos naturales (parasitoides). Estos métodos son eficientes y efectivos en la prevención y propagación de P. guildinii, a su vez la relevancia que estos métodos aportan en el ambiente.