Non-surgical embryo collection (NSER) and transfer (NSET) in sheep and goats.
2025
FONSECA, J. F. da | RODRIGUES, J. N. D. | JEFERSON FERREIRA DA FONSECA, CNPC; JULIANA NASCIMENTO DUARTE RODRIGUES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DA AMAZÔNIA.
Abstract: Non-surgical embryo recovery (NSER) and transfer (NSET) techniques represent a significant advancement in reproductive biotechnology for sheep and goats, offering less invasive, more ethical, and cost-effective alternatives to traditional surgical methods. This review explores the physiological, anatomical, and technical foundations of NSER and NSET, focusing on cervical relaxation strategies, hormonal superovulation protocols, and field-based embryo recovery outcomes. Key hormonal protocols include the use of 133 mg or 333 IU of FSH-p, and cervical relaxants such as 37.5 µg cloprostenol and 1 mg estradiol benzoate. Transcervical embryo collection success rates have reached over 60% in sheep and up to 90% in goats under optimized conditions. Embryos recovered through NSER exhibit high post-collection viability and comparable developmental potential to those obtained surgically. The adoption of NSER and NSET depends on appropriate donor selection, technician training, and standardization of protocols, supporting sustainable and welfare-conscious genetic improvement in small ruminants
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