Ferrum sulphuricum CONTROLLING POWDERY MILDEW ON TOMATO GENOTYPES | Ferrum sulphuricum NO CONTROLE DE OÍDIO EM GENÓTIPOS DE TOMATEIRO

English. Powdery mildew is an important disease in tomato, which requires technologies for its control. Homeopathy is a science that has been improved as an alternative method in agriculture. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the homeopathic drug Ferrum sulphuricum in 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96CH dynamizations on powdery mildew control. The experiment occurred in a greenhouse, in split-plot design and the results were compared with the controls ethanol 30% and distilled water. We evaluated the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), relative chlorophyll index (SPAD), influence on plant growth by volume and mass of roots, and mass of fruits and shoots and even the pathogen sporulation on leaves. For the AUDPC, all the dynamizations reduced the disease. The Santa Clara genotype showed up to 41% less and Cedro 31% less disease compared with the control ethanol, on the upper third of the plant. For the SPAD index, there was an increase of up to 322% on the middle third of the plant treated with 24CH dynamization. For the growth variables, all the dynamizations increased up to 197% the volume and weight roots for Cedro and Santa Clara. The 6, 12, 24, 72 and 96CH dynamizations reduced the pathogen sporulation on Santa Clara tomato leaves in up to 40%. The data indicate that the drug Ferrum sulphuricum can control powdery mildew on tomato, increase the growth plants and that there is a differential response according to the host genotype. Powdery mildew is an important disease in tomato, which requires technologies for its control. Homeopathy is a science that has been improved as an alternative method in agriculture. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the homeopathic medicine Ferrum sulphuricum in 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96CH dynamizations on powdery mildew control. The experiment was conducted from May to June 2013 in a greenhouse, in split-split-plot design, and the results were compared with the controls 30% ethanol and distilled water. We evaluated the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), relative chlorophyll index (SPAD), influence on plant growth by volume and mass of roots, and mass of fruits and shoots and even the pathogen sporulation on leaves. For the AUDPC, all the dynamizations reduced the disease. The Santa Clara genotype showed up to 41% less and Cedro 31% less disease compared with the control ethanol, in the upper third of the plant. For the SPAD index, there was an increase of up to 322% in the middle third of the plant treated with 24CH dynamization. For the growth variables, all the dynamizations increased up to 197% the volume and weight of roots for Cedro and Santa Clara. The 6, 12, 24, 72 and 96CH dynamizations reduced the pathogen sporulation on Santa Clara tomato leaves by up to 40%. The data indicate that the medicine Ferrum sulphuricum can control powdery mildew on tomato, increase the growth of plants and that there is a differential response according to the host genotype.  

Portuguese. O oídio é uma doença importante do tomateiro, o que demanda tecnologias para seu controle. A homeopatia é uma ciência que vem ganhando espaço como uma alternativa fitossanitária na agropecuária. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o medicamento homeopático Ferrum sulphuricum nas dinamizações 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 e 96CH para controle de oídio. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação, em delineamento de parcelas sub-sub-divididas e os resultados comparados com controles etanol 30% e água destilada. O experimento foi conduzido no período de Maio a Junho de 2013. Foram avaliados área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD), índice relativo de clorofila (SPAD), influência no crescimento das plantas pelo volume e massa do sistema radicular, massas de frutos e parte aérea e ainda a esporulação do patógeno nas folhas. Para AACPD, todas as dinamizações reduziram a doença. O genótipo Santa Clara apresentou até 41% menos e Cedro 31% menos doença comparados com o controle etanol, no terço superior da planta. Para o índice SPAD, houve incremento de até 322% no terço médio da planta tratada com a dinamização 24CH. Para as variáveis de crescimento, todas as dinamizações incrementaram em até 197% o volume de raiz e a massa do sistema radicular para ambos genótipos. As dinamizações 6, 12, 24, 72 e 96CH reduziram o número de esporos em folhas de tomateiro Santa Clara em até 40%. Os dados indicam que o medicamento Ferrum sulphuricum pode controlar o oídio em tomateiro, incrementar o crescimento das plantas e que existe diferença de acordo com o genótipo trabalhado.