Response surface modeling of sodium hypochlorite-based manganese oxidation in drinking water
2025
Alsaeed, Ruba | Aldarwish, Amer | Khouri, Lina | Kolluru, Vinothkumar
Manganese-contaminated drinking water presents a substantial health risk to consumers. The oxidation/filtration method is regarded as an efficient technique for the removal of manganese from water. This method is affected by various factors including initial manganese concentration, oxidant concentration, pH level, aeration rate, and reaction duration. This paper presents multiple experiments to evaluate the impact of these factors on the efficiency of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as an oxidant in manganese removal. The collected data was utilized to create a response surface optimization model (RSM). The findings underscore the importance of higher pH and aeration levels in improving manganese removal by oxidation, but also highlight the necessity for increased oxidant concentration to achieve strict water standards even at lower pH levels. The primary predictor was the initial Mn concentration (26.3%) followed by the concentration of the oxidant (NaOCl) (19.3%). The developed RSM exhibited significant predictive accuracy (Predicted R2=92.11%) and can be utilized in the optimization of Mn oxidation process within the investigated inputs ranges. More research is required to increase the accuracy of the developed model at different input ranges and different combinations of manganese and iron contamination levels.
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