Selection strategy for grain quality traits in upland rice breeding programs.
2025
REIS, C. S. C. DA S. | BERCHEMBROCK, Y. V. | MOURA, A. M. DE | BASSINELLO, P. Z. | MENDES, C. T. E. | LIMA, G. A. DA S. | PEREIRA, J. DOS S. | BOTELHO, F. B. S. | CAMILA SOARES CARDOSO DA SILVA REIS, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE LAVRAS; YASMIN VASQUES BERCHEMBROCK, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE LAVRAS; AMANDA MENDES DE MOURA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE LAVRAS; PRISCILA ZACZUK BASSINELLO, CNAT; CRISTIAN TIAGO ERAZO MENDES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE LAVRAS; GLEICE APARECIDA DA SILVA LIMA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE LAVRAS; JOCILENE DOS SANTOS PEREIRA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE LAVRAS; FLÁVIA BARBOSA SILVA BOTELHO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE LAVRAS.
The evaluation of grain quality traits is essential in rice breeding programs. However, their complexity and multitude of components make the process challenging. The aim was to evaluate the industrial, physical, chemical, and cooking quality traits of upland rice grains and to identify a reduced set of factors that accurately represent these traits, facilitating the indirect selection of desirable genotypes in the breeding programs. A total of 27 genotypes from the Value of Cultivation and Use (VCU) trial of the Upland Rice Breeding Program were evaluated in four environments over two years. The traits evaluated were total yield, milling yield, chalkiness, grain size, apparent amylose content, gelatinization temperature, minimum cooking time, water absorption index, volume expansion coefficient, hardness, and stickiness. The measured values were subjected to joint analysis of variance and principal component analysis (PCA). Subsequently, phenotypic correlation coefficients and path analyses of the traits that emerged prominently in the PCA were conducted. Grain size, water absorption index, and chalkiness are independent, indicating the importance of direct selection to achieve genetic gains. Apparent amylose content and gelatinization temperature are strongly associated, allowing for indirect selection between them.
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