Canine Obesity: Contributing Factors and Body Condition Evaluation
2025
Arthenise Gabriely da Conceição Gomes | Kayo Murilo Almeida de Souza Cruz Morais | Nilsa Duarte da Silva Lima | Regina Tie Umigi | José Teodoro de Paiva | Gisele Maria Fagundes
Canine obesity, characterized by the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, is one of the most prevalent nutritional disorders encountered in veterinary practice. This comprehensive review synthesizes current knowledge on the predisposing factors and methodologies for assessing body condition in dogs. The discussion encompasses genetic, breed-specific, age-related, lifestyle, dietary, hormonal, and owner-related influences contributing to obesity. Key methods for assessing body condition, including the Canine Body Mass Index (CBMI), Body Condition Score (BCS), Relative Body Weight (RBW), and body fat percentage estimation, are critically evaluated for their effectiveness and clinical utility. This review aims to serve as a valuable resource for veterinary professionals and researchers dedicated to the prevention and management of canine obesity, highlighting both established practices and areas needing further investigation.
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