Eco-Friendly Extraction of Curcumin from Turmeric and Dyeability of Textile Fibers
2025
Vasilica Popescu | Ana-Diana Alexandrescu | Gabriel Popescu | Viorica Vasilache
Classical and modern methods are used to release curcumin by degrading the polysaccharides found in the turmeric powder matrix. Classical methods use chemicals as acids (HCl, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, CH<sub>3</sub>COOH), oxidants (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, kojic acid), and enzymes (amylase type) that can degrade amylose and amylopectin from starch. The modern applied methods consist of the degradation of the polysaccharides in the turmeric powder during eco-friendly processes assisted by ultrasound or microwaves. The extraction medium can consist of only water, water with a solvent, and/or an oxidizing agent. The presence of curcumin in turmeric powder is confirmed by FTIR analysis. The UV–VIS analysis of the extracts allows the determination of the efficiency of modern extraction processes. The release of curcumin from turmeric is highlighted quantitatively by colorimetric measurements for the obtained extracts, using a portable DataColor spectrophotometer. The comparison of the results leads to the conclusion that microwave-assisted extractions are the most effective. These extracts are able to dye many types of textile fibers: wool, cotton, hemp, silk, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyester, and cellulose acetate. CIELab and color strength (K/S) measurements indicate that the most intense yellow colors are obtained on polyacrylonitrile (b* = 86.32, K/S = 15.14) and on cellulose acetate (b* = 90.40, K/S = 14.17).
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