Salinity induced changes in water relations, oxidative damage and morpho-physiological adaptations of pistachio genotypes in soilless culture | S SLANOSTJO VZPODBUJENE SPREMEMBE V VODNEM REŽIMU, OKSIDATIVNE POŠKODBE IN MORFOLOŠKO-FIZIOLOŠKE PRILAGODITVE GENOTIPOV PISTACIJE V BREZTALNEM GOJENJU

English. Selecting salt tolerant rootstocks is a sustainable approach for developing fruit trees in salinity prone areas. 60-day-old seedlings of Pistacia vera ‘Akbari’ and ‘Ghazvini’, and P. vera ‘Ghazvini’ × P. atlantica (G×A) were subjected to 0, 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl in half strength Hoagland’s nutrient solution. After 45 days, the growth, water relations, and oxidative damage parameters were investigated. Salt stress reduced plant biomass, height, crown diameter and leaf number, but increased specific leaf area (SLA) of the seedlings. Under salt stress, the growth of ‘Akbari’ seedlings was higher than the other genotypes. Accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline was observed in the leaves of salt affected seedlings. ‘Ghazvini’ seedlings had the highest MDA concentration and the lowest cell membrane stability in their leaves. Degredation of photosynthetic pigments under salt stress was lower in the leaves of ‘Akbari’ seedlings than that in other genotypes. Increase in leaf succulence was observed in ‘Akbari’ and G×A seedlings in response to salt stress. Relative water content and concentration of anthocyanins in the leaves of pistachio genotypes remained unchanged under salt stress. The results revealed that monitoring leaf abscission, SLA, leaf succulence, MDA concentration, and photosynthetic pigments provide suitable contrast for screening salt tolerance in pistachio. Furthuremore, ‘Akbari’ was found to be the most salt tolerant genotype.

Slovenian. Izbor na slanost tolerantnih podlag je primeren pristop pri razvoju sadnih dreves na območjih podvrženih zasoljevanju. 60-dni stare sejanke pistacije (Pistacia vera ‘Akbari’ in ‘Ghazvini’, ter P. vera ‘Ghazvini’ × P. atlantica (G×A)) so bile izpostavljene 0, 50, 100 in 150 mM NaCl v polovični Hoaglandovi hranilni raztopini. Parametri rasti, vodnih razmer in oksidativnih poškodb so bili preučeni po 45 dneh. Solni stres je zmanjšal biomaso rastlin, višino, premer krošnje in število listov, a povečal specifično listno površino (SLA) sejank. Pod solnim stresom je bila rast sejank ‘Akbari’ večja kot drugih genotipov. Akumulacija malondialdehida (MDA) in prolina je bila opažena v listih od soli prizadetih sejank. Sejanke ‘Ghazvini’ so imele največjo koncentracijo MDA in najmanjšo stabilnost celičnih membran listov. Razgradnja fotosinteznih pigmentov v listih sejank ‘Akbari’je bila v solnem stresu manjša kot pri drugih genotipih. Povečanje sukulence listov kot odziv na solni stres je bilo opaženo pri sejankah ‘Akbari’ and G×A. Relativna vsebnost vode in vsebnost antocianinov v listih sta pri vseh genotipov pistacije ostali nespremenjeni v solnem stresu. Izsledki so odkrili, da daje spremljanje odpadanja listov, SLA, listne sukulence, koncentracije MDA in fotosinteznih pigmentov primernen nabor znakov za odkrivanje tolerance na sol pri pistaciji. ‘Akbari’ je bil prepoznan kot na sol najbolj tolranten genotip.