Evaluation of toxic and genotoxic potential in lake water samples by bioassays | Analiza toksičnosti in genotoksičnosti jezerskih voda z biotesti

English. Preservation of the natural resources, valuable natural features and spatial characteristics plays an important role in the environmental management and is based on permanent environmental monitoring. For the time being, the current legislation regarding environmental monitoring in Slovenia is based mostly upon physicochemical analyses. Since the physicochemical analyses do not provide information about biological effects, interactions between sample compounds and bioactivation, bioassays have been considered for environmental monitoring supplementation. In the present study the adequacy of a commercial toxicity screening test Thamnotoxkit FTM, which includes a freshwater crustacean Thamnocephalus platyurus and two genotoxicity determination test, a standard microbial Ames plate incoroporation test with Salmonella typhimurium TA97, TA98 and TA100 strains and the comet assay with the eukaryotic microorganism Tetrahymena thermophila has been evaluated. With the selected biotests toxic and genotoxic effects of lake water samples from Šalek valley were evaluated and compared with the measured physicochemical values.

Slovenian. Ustrezno izvajanje ukrepov za obvladovanje problematike onesnaženosti prostora je v veliki meri odvisno od nepretrganega spremljanja trenutnega stanja okolja. Zakonsko predpisane preiskave v Sloveniji večinoma temeljijo na spremljanju fizikalnih in kemijskih kazalcev. Ker s takimi analizami ne moremo ugotoviti biološkega učinka, medsebojnega vpliva posameznih sestavin v vzorcu in bioaktivacije, je za celovitejši pregled mehanizmov in intenzivnosti vplivov okolja na organizme kemijsko fizikalne podatke potrebno dopolniti še z rezultati bioloških testov za toksičnost in genotoksičnost. V tej raziskavi smo preizkusili primernost komercialnega testnega kita za ugotavljanje toksičnosti Thamnotoxkit FTM s sladkovodnim rakcem Thamnocephalus platyurus, primernost mikrobnega testa Ames s sevi TA97, TA98 in TA100 bakterije Salmonella typhimurium in kometnega testa z evkariontskim mikroorganizmom Tetrahymena thermophila za ugotavljanje genotoksičnosti. Z izbranimi biotesti smo ovrednotili toksičnost in genotoksičnost vzorcev jezerske vode iz vzorčnih lokacij v Šaleški dolini in biološke učinke primerjali z izmerjenimi fizikalno-kemijskimi parametri.