Flowering Phenology of Six Seasonal-Flowering Strawberry Cultivars in a Coordinated European Study
2022
Erika Krüger | Tomasz L. Woznicki | Ola M. Heide | Krzysztof Kusnierek | Rodmar Rivero | Agnieszka Masny | Iwona Sowik | Bastienne Brauksiepe | Klaus Eimert | Daniela Mott | Gianluca Savini | Marino Demene | Karine Guy | Aurélie Petit | Beatrice Denoyes | Anita Sønsteby
The flowering phenology of six genetically distant strawberry cultivars (&lsquo:Candonga®:&rsquo: (ES), &lsquo:Clery&rsquo: (IT), &lsquo:Florence&rsquo: (UK), &lsquo:Frida&rsquo: (NO), &lsquo:Gariguette&rsquo: (FR), and &lsquo:Sonata&rsquo: (NL)) was studied for 3 years in relation to climatic parameters in open-field cultivation at three locations (Norway, Poland, Germany) and in soil-less cultivation at two locations (Italy, and France), covering a distance of 16 degrees of latitude. This proved to be a useful approach for unravelling the climatic adaptation and plasticity of strawberry genotypes and their suitability both for profitable cultivation and as a breeding pedigree. Despite the intercorrelated character of the climatic variables, the observed results highlight the importance of global radiation as a powerful modifying phenological factor in strawberry. Generally, early flower initiation was associated with elevated temperature and global radiation. &lsquo:Frida&rsquo: revealed the highest dependency on global radiation for flower initiation, while &lsquo:Sonata&rsquo: was least affected by temperature and radiation. In general, temperature and global radiation in periods both preceding and following flower initiation had a stronger positive effect on the number of flowers than on crowns, especially under open-field conditions. The influence of these factors was highly variable across the cultivars: &lsquo:Clery&rsquo:, &lsquo:Florence&rsquo:, and &lsquo:Gariguette&rsquo: were most affected, while &lsquo:Frida&rsquo: was least influenced.
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