Seafood Consumption, Omega-3 Fatty Acids Intake, and Life-Time Prevalence of Depression in the PREDIMED-Plus Trial
2018
Almudena Sánchez-Villegas | Jacqueline Álvarez-Pérez | Estefanía Toledo | Jordi Salas-Salvadó | Carolina Ortega-Azorín | Maria Dolores Zomeño | Jesús Vioque | Jose Alfredo Martínez | Dora Romaguera | Jessica Pérez-López | José López-Miranda | Ramón Estruch | Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas | Fernando Arós | Josep A. Tur | Francisco J. Tinahones | Oscar Lecea | Vicente Martín | M. Ortega-Calvo | Clotilde Vázquez | Xavier Pintó | Josep Vidal | Lidia Daimiel | Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez | Pilar Matía | Dolores Corella | Andrés Díaz-López | Nancy Babio | Miguel Ángel Muñoz | Montserrat Fitó | Manoli García de la Hera | Itziar Abete | Antonio García-Rios | Emilio Ros | Miguel Ruíz-Canela | Miguel Ángel Martínez-González | Marisol Izquierdo | Lluis Serra-Majem
Background: The aim of this analysis was to ascertain the type of relationship between fish and seafood consumption, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (&omega:-3 PUFA) intake, and depression prevalence. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses of the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Fish and seafood consumption and &omega:-3 PUFA intake were assessed through a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Self-reported life-time medical diagnosis of depression or use of antidepressants was considered as outcome. Depressive symptoms were collected by the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between seafood products and &omega:-3 PUFA consumption and depression. Multiple linear regression models were fitted to assess the association between fish and long-chain (LC) &omega:-3 PUFA intake and depressive symptoms. Results: Out of 6587 participants, there were 1367 cases of depression. Total seafood consumption was not associated with depression. The odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) for the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quintiles of consumption of fatty fish were 0.77 (0.63&ndash:0.94), 0.71 (0.58&ndash:0.87), and 0.78 (0.64&ndash:0.96), respectively, and p for trend = 0.759. Moderate intake of total LC &omega:-3 PUFA (approximately 0.5&ndash:1 g/day) was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of depression. Conclusion: In our study, moderate fish and LC &omega:-3 PUFA intake, but not high intake, was associated with lower odds of depression suggesting a U-shaped relationship.
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