Osteoporosis-alleviating effects of unsaponifiable matter derived from Chlorella sp. Lipids on bone regeneration promotion and bone matrix enhancement in ovariectomized C57BL/6 mouse model
2025
Min Ho Han | Sun Hye Lee | Min Ho Kang | Youn Seon Hwang | Ju Hwan Lee | Jin Woo Kim
This study evaluated the osteoporosis-preventive effects of unsaponifiable matter extracted from microalgal lipids, specifically by inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption In vitro osteoclasts and in an in vivo ovariectomized (Ovx) mouse model. In vitro experiments using osteoclast cells revealed that treatment with Chlorella sp. unsaponifiable matter (CUM) significantly reduced expression of genes and proteins related to osteoclast differentiation (DC-STAMP, NFATc1, MITF, OSCAR) and bone matrix degradation (TRAP, CATK) by 23.5–52.2 %, thereby promoting bone health. In Ovx mice, dietary CUM increased femur weight by 20.3 %, as well as mineral content, particularly calcium and phosphorus levels, by 30.4 % and 25.6 %, respectively, thereby demonstration the reproducibility of the In vitro results and indicating enhanced bone formation and mineralization in the animal model. Additionally, micro-computed tomography revealed a 110.5 % increase in bone mineral density, highlighting CUM's potential as a therapeutic agent for osteoporosis. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry identified the main bioactive compounds in CUM, such as phytosterols and fatty acids, which contribute to its anti-osteoporotic effects. Therefore, CUM shows potential as a natural therapeutic agent for osteoporosis by promoting bone formation and enhancing mineralization
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