Effect of Season and Genotype on Bee Venom Content in Aegean Region Conditions
2025
Aytül Uçak Koç
In this study, the effects of season and genotype on bee venom (BV) yield and content were determined. For this purpose, BV was collected from Muğla Ecotype colonies every 15 days in spring (April-May 2022), summer (June, July, August 2022) and autumn (September, October, November 2022). BV yields and contents of the colonies were determined according to the seasons. In addition, melittin, apamin and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) were detected in BV harvested from Carniolan F1 (6 pieces) and Muğla Ecotype (6 pieces) colonies. The average bee venom yield (BVY) obtained in Muğla Ecotype colonies was determined as 45.5±2.69 mg, 33.9±2.12 mg and 23.4±2.29 mg in spring, summer and autumn, respectively and the differences between the groups were significant. The effect of season on BV content was statistically insignificant, while the effect of genotype on BV content (melittin) was found to be significant. The average melittin ratio of BV produced from Carniolan F1 colonies and Muğla Ecotype colonies was determined as 56.41±1.64% and 66.39±1.84%, respectively. As a result, it was determined in this study that season was effective on BVY but did not affect the content, and the melittin ratio, which constitutes more than half of the BV, was affected by the bee genotype
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