Differential gene expression after total replacement of dietary fish meal and fish oil by plant products in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver
2009
Panserat, Stéphane | Hortopan, G.A. | Plagnes- Juan, Elisabeth | Kolditz, Catherine Ines | Lansard, Marine | Skiba, Sandrine | Esquerre, Diane | Geurden, Inge | Médale, Françoise | Kaushik, Sadasivam | Corraze, Geneviève | Nutrition, Aquaculture et Génomique (NUAGE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) | Veterinary Medicine Faculty ; Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO) | Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech
Our objective was to analyse the hepatic transcriptomes of juvenile rainbow trout fed with a plant-based diet. We focused our analysis on the total replacement of fish meal (FM) and fish oil (FO) by a 100% plant-based diet (0% FM, 0% FO). We analysed the postprandial hepatic transcriptomes of rainbow trout fed the two diets 8 h after feeding. Six total hepatic RNAs from each dietary group were hybridised against a trout cDNA microarray (9K). After treatment of the data respecting the standard MIAME (Minimum Information About a Microarray Experiment) protocol, we found that 176 hepatic genes were differentially expressed between fish fed the two diets: 96 and 80 were over-expressed and under-expressed, respectively, in trout fed the plant-based diet. A large majority of differentially expressed genes were involved in metabolism (57%) and the others in cellular processes (21%) and transport (10%). Among the genes involved in metabolism (n = 86), 37% were associated with protein metabolism (proteolysis, amino acid catabolism), 21% with lipid metabolism (fatty acid biosynthesis, cholesterol biosynthesis), 30% with nucleic acid metabolism and 8% with glucose metabolism. Specifically, we found in rainbow trout fed the 100% plant diet an over-expression of genes involved in lipid biosynthesis (cholesterol metabolism and desaturation of polyunsaturated fatty acids) and an over-expression of a new metabolic actor, i.e., glycerol kinase which plays a key role at the interface of glucose-lipid metabolism. Overall, these data demonstrate that a number of intermediary metabolic effects occur in trout fed a totally plant-based diet.
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