Absence of Kelch 13 mutations in Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Ilorin, Nigeria.
2025
Abdulraheem, O.J. | Olalubi, O. | Awe, S.
Artemisinin resistance continues to threaten the success of malaria control programs at various levels, especially in Africa, due to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Kelch 13 propeller domain of Plasmodium falciparum. This study aimed to use molecular methods to establish Kelch 13 propeller gene mutations in P. falciparum isolates after artemether-lumefantrine administration with repeated sampling on days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 in the Ilorin metropolis. The study analysed 150 blood samples from two study sites in Ilorin, Kwara State, for malaria using thick and thin blood films and subsequently confirmed by 18s rRNA polymerase chain reaction amplification. Genomic DNA was extracted using the Qiagen Blood and Tissue Kit. The results showed a 34% prevalence of P. falciparum infection, while four positive individuals were recorded during the follow-up. Of the 55 positive samples, 31 (55%) were successfully amplified for Kelch 13 and sequenced. The result of multiple sequence alignment of 10 successfully sequenced samples performed alongside the reference 3D7 strain revealed no mutations; hence, it cannot be ascertained to be responsible for the delayed parasite clearance.
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