State-of-the-art mycotoxin analysis: Insights from LC/MS-MS method | State-of-the-art mycotoxin analysis
2025
Radović, Radmila O. | Radić, Bojana Đ | Đekić, Sanja V. | Belić, Sanja D. | Kos, Jovana J.
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi, known for their chemical and thermal stability, which makes them resistant to common food and feed processing methods. These toxins can contaminate food and feed, and cause a range of toxic effects upon ingestion, including mutagenic, teratogenic, carcinogenic, immunotoxic, neurotoxic, hepatotoxic, and dermatotoxic effects. In recent years, the application of liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry has grown significantly for mycotoxin analysis, owing to its remarkable sensitivity and specificity. Recent literature highlights using various liquid chromatography systems for mycotoxin analysis, typically integrated with octadecylsilane columns and employing gradient elution with mobile phases consisting of water, organic solvents, and appropriate optional modifiers. The studies reviewed predominantly utilized electrospray ionization in positive and negative modes and mass spectrometric analysis in multiple reactions monitoring mode to ensure precise multi-mycotoxin quantification. Specific configurations of liquid chromatography systems, such as ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with different column types, and mass spectrometers, including triple quadrupole and QTrap tandem mass spectrometry systems, were mainly used. These advancements underscore the ongoing refinement and standardization of methodologies for accurate and efficient mycotoxin analysis in food matrices.
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