Biological Characteristics of Early-Ripening Plum Varieties in the Central Old Mountain Region
2025
Boryana Stefanova | Petko Minkov | Georgi Popski | Teodora Mihova | Aleksandar Stanisavljević | Dejan Bošnjak
In the period from 2020 to 2022, the biological and pomological characteristics of the early ripening plum varieties ‘Ruth Gerstetter’, ‘Tuleu Timpuriu’, ‘Katinka’, ‘Tegera’, ‘Hanita’, ‘Cacaks Early’, ‘Cacaks Beauty’, ‘Green Renclode’ and ‘Top First® were investigated in the experimental plantations of the Research Institute of Mountain Livestock Breeding and Agriculture Trojan (RIMSA) - Trojan. The parameters analyzed included the flowering phenophases, ripeni ng time, pomometric and physicochemical characteristics of the fruit, and yield of the trees, in each case in comparison with the standard variety ‚Cacaks Beauty‘. In the period studied, the earliest flowering was observed in ‚Tuleu Timpuriu‘ (April 7-12), while ‚Ruth Gerstetter‘ had the longest flowering period (15 days). The shortest flowering phase (12 days) was observed in ‚Cacaks Early‘, which also bore the largest fruit (55.30 g). Early ripening plum varieties grown in the Trojan region have a lower dry matter value compared to the standard. Th e highest values of total polyphenols were found in ‚Katinka‘ (376.83 mg/g), followed by ‚Tule Timpuriu‘ (303.22 mg/g). The highest yield was observed in the standard variety (44 kg/tree), followed by ‚Cacaks Early‘ and ‚Katinka‘ (31-32 kg/tree). Varieties ‚Green Renclode‘, ‚Hanita‘ and ‚Tegera‘ are not only suitable for fresh consumption but also show potential for processing into juices, nectars and distillates.
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