Spatial distribution and determinants of limited access to drinking water and sanitation services of households in India
2023
Chandan Roy
Good health and well-being require safe drinking water and improved sanitation facilities. Lack of access to drinking water and sanitation facilities poses serious health risks. There are few studies based on the NFHS-5 data in the literature. Therefore, the present study used the NFHS-5 data to investigate the spatial distribution of limited access to drinking water and sanitation facilities in India. The Stata version 14.1 software was used for statistical analysis and Arc Map 10.4 was used for spatial analysis. A binary logistic regression model was applied to investigate the association between dependent and independent variables. The prevalence of limited access to drinking water and sanitation facilities was higher in Madhya Pradesh (12.28%) and Manipur (22.65%), respectively. Besides, the spatial distribution of limited access to drinking water and sanitation facilities was spatially clustered among a few central and western Indian states. In the binary logistic regression, education, wealth index, and place of residence were significantly associated with limited drinking water and sanitation services. There is regional heterogeneity in drinking water and sanitation services. With this in mind, we suggest spatially optimized target-oriented policy measures in unprivileged areas. Improving the water distribution networks and construction of sanitation facilities is also recommended. HIGHLIGHTS The central Indian states have limited access to drinking water and sanitation facilities.; The time to fetch drinking water (>30 min) is highest in Madhya Pradesh.; Poor, less-educated rural households have limited access to safe drinking water.; Diarrhoea is more prevalent in rural areas than urban areas.;
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