Properties of charcoal from five exotic high land tree species using a modified two-step carbonization method | คุณสมบัติถ่านไม้จากไม้พื้นที่สูงต่างถิ่น 5 สายพันธุ์ โดยกระบวนการเผาถ่านแบบสองขั้นตอนดัดแปลง
2021
Kritin Suttiwarinkul(Kasetsart University, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Forestry. Department of Forest Products) | Pongsak Hengniran(Kasetsart University, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Forestry. Department of Forest Products) | Trairat Neimsuwan(Kasetsart University, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Forestry. Department of Forest Products)
This research focused on the properties of high-quality charcoal derived from High Land Exotic tree species (HETS) planted under a reforestation program in the Angkhang Royal Agricultural Station. Five potential species namely, Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl, Prunus cerasoides D.Don, Liquidambar formosana Hance, Fraxinus griffinthii C.B. Clarke, and Acacia confusa Merr. were selected. These trees were carbonized by applying a new technique (called the two-step carbonization) through modified 200-liter charcoal kilns (KP1 and KP2), made in our previous works. After carbonization, the charcoal properties were studied by comparing their fuel and adsorption properties. This included Proximate Analysis, Ultimate Analysis, Calorific Value, and Iodine Number. The results indicated that both types of charcoal kilns had no significant difference with regards to the means of fuel and adsorption properties. The moisture content of A. confusa had the lowest mean and the highest mean C. camphora at 4.70 percent and 6.81 percent, respectively. The volatile compound value of C. camphora had the lowest mean and A. confusa had the highest mean at 6.22 percent and 12.35 percent, respectively. The mean ash value of A. confusa was the lowest at 2.33 percent, while C. camphora had the highest means at 5.86 percent. Fixed carbon values of L. formosana and C. camphora had the lowest and highest mean at 77.00 percent and 81.11 percent, respectively, which is consistent with the ultimate analysis of carbon element percentage. The mean calorific value of L. formosana was the lowest at 6,942.2 cal/g and A. confusa had the highest mean at 7,458.9 cal/g. The Iodine adsorption number was between 472.26-689.31 mg iodine/g charcoal, which was higher than the average Iodine adsorption number of typical wood charcoal and close to the minimum activated carbon of 600 mg iodine/g charcoal
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