The biotechnological techniques that have been elaborated for carrot breeding include the following elements: the methods of initial explant sterilization; regeneration under controlled condition for callus tissue and zygotic embryoids; anther and unpollinated ovule cultivation in vitro; genetic transformation. Mentioned biotechnological approaches were applied to develop the cultivar of garden carrot Sonata, promising hybrids F1 and family population of transgenic plants carrying the high resistance to Fusarium avenaceum.

This article reviews means and a significance of homozygous lines production in tomato through haploid plant stage. The haploid plants can be originated both male and female cells of gametophyte. Comprehensive and analytical information concerning achievements for last 40 years was given disclosing successful experiences and challenges in plant haploid production through androgenesis and gynogenesis in tomato.