Relevance. Currently, the range of vegetable crops has firmly entered the bean, the protein of which is absorbed by the human body by 87% or higher. The main factor limiting the cultivation of beans in Belarus is the lack of varieties of this crop that are resistant to mycological diseases, primarily Anthracnose.Materials and methods.The study included 34 samples of vegetable beans of mutant and hybrid origin obtained in the sector of legumes of vegetable crops of RUP "Institute of vegetable growing of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus". To obtain a mutagenic effect, induced mutagenesis was used in the form of the action of a radioactive isotope 60Со and a neodymium laser. Hybrid combinations were obtained by intraspecific hybridization of mutant samples. For molecular genome testing, DNA was isolated from plant leaves before flowering, and its purification was performed by Fermentas using a Genomic DNA Purification Kit. The concentration of the resulting DNA solution was determined by a spectrophotometric method on a CARY 50 SCAN. A Thermo Hybaid RX2 amplifier was used for PCR. The annealing temperature of the primer was determined using the program "oligocalculator". The CV 2014 primer was used as a marker. resistant genotypes to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Br. et Cav were at the band level of about 450 BP. Phytopathological assessment of plant infectivity was carried out on the basis of visual and instrumental methods, taking into account the reaction of plants and the intensity of the lesion, in the conditions of a natural infectious background in the phase of technical ripeness.Results. Seven samples of beans were identified that have genetic resistance to Anthracnose and show it in the conditions of a natural infectious background.

Relevance. Breeding for resistance to diseases is one of the current trends in melon growing. The work of the Bykovskaya melon selection experimental station includes breeding pumpkin varieties that are not inferior to zoned varieties in terms of economically valuable traits, disease resistance and taste.Materials and methods. The object of the study was hybrid combinations of large-fruited pumpkin and nutmeg pumpkin, obtained as a result of intervarietal hybridization. The research was carried out in the Bykovsky district of the Volgograd region.Results As a result of the work carried out, the characteristics of the obtained hybrid combinations of pumpkin were given according to the main economically valuable traits: the duration of the growing season, the average weight of the fruit, the thickness of the pulp, the dry matter content, the yield, as well as the resistance to anthracnose and powdery mildew. An assessment was made in comparison with the standards and parental forms. As a result of the research, it was revealed that the shortest duration of the growing season, 115-117 days, is in combinations of large-fruited pumpkin Paradise - Vi x Graceful, Graceful x Paradise - Vi, Marina di Ch x Dawn. Among the nutmeg pumpkin, all samples along the length of the growing season are at the same level of 119-120 days. Average fruit weight and pulp thickness are inherited intermediately. In terms of yield, among the hybrid combinations of large-fruited pumpkin, samples of Marina di Chioggia x Zorka and Paradise - Vi x Graceful stood out. All hybrid combinations of nutmeg pumpkin exceeded parental forms in terms of yield, their yield ranged from 17.0 to 22.0 t/ha. In terms of resistance to powdery mildew and anthracnose, the combinations "Elia x Spaniard" (Uzbekistan) and "Muscat Provence x Vitamin" stood out.Conclusions. Thus, as a result of hybridization, two new hybrid combinations of large-fruited pumpkin and Muscat pumpkin were obtained, which have a complex of economically valuable traits and resistance to powdery mildew and anthracnose.

Presents comparative characteristics of the 4 new varieties of melon breeding Bykovskaya melon experiment station in comparison with the standard. A brief description and varietal characteristics of the new varieties of melons of different ripening periods. Data on the yield, length of vegetation period, dry matter content, as well as complex resistance to diseases. According to the results of comparative evaluation in station variety testing, new melon varieties exceed the standard in yield from 2.7 t/ha (Harmony) to 4.6 t/ha (Originalnaya x Osen), in dry matter content from 0.2% Cometa variety to 1.1% Harmony variety (standard Osen variety – 13.0%). Testing for complex resistance to Anthracnose and powdery mildew revealed that the lowest degree of damage in a hybrid combination of the Originalnaya x Osen was powdery mildew – 51.3%, with a score of 1.4, anthracnose – 80.6% at a score of 1.5.