Relevance. Most of the pea varieties used in the production of canned vegetables have similar morphological structure of the stalk: shortened internodes, their limited number and location in the upper part of the stalk. The deficiency of such plant architectonics is the limitation of yielding capacity in relation to small number of yielding nodes, yielding capacity instability, and high degree of affliction by plant diseases. The production of pea varieties having an increased number of yielding nodes will allow changing the relation between the nonproductive and reproductive parts to the advantage of the latter.Methods. The pea varieties from the collection of bean cultures laboratories of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center were used as the research varieties. The main method of work was intervarietal hybridization with subsequent single plant selection. In 2018-2019 the selected lines were seeded in a nursery with an area of 7 m2 . The forms with changed flowering pattern (Pervenets, Ranniy 28-11, Wenson) and the most yielding early and midseason varieties (Dakota, Ranniy Gribovsky 11, Voronezhsky Zelyony, Korsar, Orus, Viola, Zelyonaya Strela, Quartella) were used as parent components. The selection was performed on the basis of the following features: changed flowering pattern, the number of yielding nodes, the number of legumes on a node, as well as the length of a bean and the number of seeds in a legume. A finometer was used for the determination of the green pea hardness.Results. Sample 50-4-19 having a relatively low number of yielding nodes (6, 9) had the highest characteristics and was considerably superior to all the other samples by its yielding capacity during the first and the second harvesting periods (7.24 and 9.55 tons per hectare). The selection of the early forms with the changed flowering pattern and the shift of the attraction centre to the 2nd or to the 3rd node allow carrying out breeding aimed at increasing the early ripeness and the yielding capacity of peas.

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a fairly popular agricultural crop in Russia, the tubers of which are the main food of the population. For the North, it is important to replenish the assortment of early potato varieties adapted to growing in extreme conditions. The aim of this research was to study the development of plants of early and mid-early potato varieties in the Murmansk region.Methods. The article presents the results of studying the developmental biology and productivity elements of 63 early and mid-early varieties from the of VIR world potato collection. The Khibinskiy ranniy variety is used as a standard. The study was conducted on the territory of the Polar Experimental Station of Apatity. The soil of the experimental plot is sandy loam, highly cultivated, the organic matter content is 8,7%, pH 5,2; Р2О5 – 103 mg/100 g, К2О – 39,2 mg/100 g of soil. The total area of the plot was 286,5 m2 , the counting area was 5 m2, the planting scheme was 70x30 cm, the experiment was repeated three times, the distribution of varieties was randomized.Results. Phenological observations revealed varieties with the shortest interphase periods: Ognivo, Sundinsky ranniy, Uralsky ranniy, Khibinskiy ranniy, Amazone, Aster, Lady Claire. Varieties Daryonka, Lyubava, Dolphin formed berries within three years.Conclusion. Concorde, Corine и Karatop exceeded the standart at 50, 60, 75 days from planting in the years of study, which shows the ability of the cultivars for intensive tuberization in the early stages, combined with high stable productivity in the North. The significant influence of meteorological conditions on the development dynamics of potato plants, their yield and on the adaptive ability to local growing conditions has been identified. There singled out the cultivars that are characterized by consistently high rates of the dynamics of tuber accumulation in the early stages, possessing a high adaptive ability, which can be used in breeding for early maturity and productivity in the North regions.