The regular inclusion of green vegetables in the diet is beneficial to human. In Russia the main time manufacture and consumption of fresh vegetable production falls in the June-October. Seasonality of consumption of vegetables may lower the conveyor production using secure ground, as well as the introduction of a larger number of species in the production of vegetable crops. One of the priority directions of the development of greenhouse vegetable production is the introduction of hydroponic technologies, including longline. In Federal Scientific Vegetable Center has passed the test of cultivars of lettuce, rocket salad, mustard leaf and watercress breeding laboratory of green and spicy taste cultures on multi-level narrow column hydroponics (MUG). It is shown that when grown on the installation of MUG, it is possible to obtain ecologically safe and valuable spicyflavoring and salad green products. The studied varieties are looking not only for growing hydroponic salad lines, but for multi-level narrow column hydroponics (vertical vegetable growing) during the off-season. The studied varieties are promising not only for growing on hydroponic salad lines, but for multi-level narrow column hydroponics (vertical vegetable growing) during the off-season.

Relevance. Growing European radishes in protected soil on hydroponics provides year-round fresh vitamin production. For the autumn-winter turnover shade-tolerant varieties with a short growing season are necessary. For the spring-summer turnover, the resistance of the variety to high temperatures and premature stem formation is of particular importance. Selection of targeted radish varieties is an energy-consuming process, which can be optimized by using an open-type multi-tier narrow-stack hydroponics installation with a different combination of limiting factors for tiers (light, heat).Methods and results. In Federal Scientific Vegetable Center radish varieties were tested in different conditions. The informativeness of the tiers on the installation as backgrounds for selection for adaptability and specificity is determined. It was found that the assessment and selection of productivity and large-fruited is effectively carried out on 1-2 tiers; for resistance to premature stem formation – on 1 tier; for shade tolerance, early ripening, with a stable manifestation of the marketable mass of the root crop – on 4-5 tiers. Radish varieties were selected as the starting material for the suitability for hydroponic cultivation of intensive type and highly adaptive. The uniqueness of the use of a multi-level narrow column hydroponics for the purpose of radish breeding is shown.

Spicy-flavoring cultures are an indispensable source of vitamins, macro-and microelements, organic acids. Early and rapid formation and return of the crop greatly increases the value of these crops. One of the valuable spice-aromatic plants of the family Lamiaceae L. is Melissa officinalis (Melicca officinalis L.), which is grown as an essential oil culture. Melissa officinalis contains biologically active substances that can be used to enrich food products. Fresh Melicca officinalis leaves produce essential oil which contains precious substances citronellal, citrategeneric, linalool [1]. Leaves and young shoots in the open ground cut to bloom. Consume fresh or dry melissa demanding soil fertility and irrigation. The article provides information about its origin and biological features. A brief overview of the nutritional and medicinal value is given. One of the important areas of work in the creation of modern vegetable varieties is the selection of high content of biologically active substances with antioxidant activity, and suitability for growing on hydroponic plants in protected soil to supply the population with fragrant vitamin products of fresh herbs all year round. Cv. Zhemchuzhina of Melissa officinalis can be grown in multi circle hydroponics (MCH), using natural substrate (peat mixes). Young shoots of this variety can be consumed as early as 35 days after sowing, in which the content of water-soluble antioxidants in march is 5.9 mg/g in units of Gallic acid. Subsequent cuts should be carried out at intervals of 30-45 days, depending on the season. The article also describes the main elements of the technology of growing medicinal melissa in the open and protected ground for greenery and seed production.

Relevance. Lettuce (Latin: Lactúca satíva) is a species of annual herbaceous plant in the genus Lettuce of the Asteraceae family. As a vegetable crop, it is cultivated everywhere in the world, and its hydroponic cultivation technology has received special development in recent years. One of the common pathogens of lettuce is Pseudomonas cichorii, causing bacterial diseases of several important cultivated plants. In this regard, the study of the occurrence of this pathogen is important.Material and methodology. The study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Agrobiotechnology of the ATI of RUDN University. The samples were provided by a commercial manufacturer of lettuce grown on a flow-through hydroponic line under conditions of minimal microbial contamination. The study of phytopathogenic bacteria includes a number of stages: isolation of bacteria on semi-selective culture media and obtaining a pure culture of bacteria; setting a test for pathogenicity (virulence); studying the phenotypic properties of bacteria; determining the taxonomic position of the isolated strains by molecular methods. All studies were conducted in accordance with the standard methods of identification of phytopathogenic bacteria.Results. As a result of the work, the distribution of the species Pseudomonas cichorii in the hydroponic culture of lettuce in the Russian Federation was confirmed. Although, according to the EPPO database, P. cichorii was first described in Russia in 1965 by microbiological methods, but isolated bacteria are not available in microbiological collections to confirm this conclusion with appropriate diagnostic methods. Twelve isolates of P. cichoriiwere studied by a biochemical and phytopathological tests, and four isolates (01, 04, 06, and 12) that showed the greatest aggressiveness on host plants and tobacco leaves were identified by DNA sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragment. The obtained DNA fragments showed a high similarity (99-100%) with the sequences of P. cichoriifrom the Genebank. Evaluation of the virulence of the isolated isolates on a number of other cultivated plants, and the uniformity of their biochemical characteristics showed that they represent a group of bacteria specialized in lettuce.

Relevance. One of the dynamically developing areas of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Dagestan is vegetable growing of protected ground. This is facilitated by natural and climatic conditions, the availability of markets for products, and the interest of vegetable producers in expanding greenhouse areas. The area of greenhouses today exceeds 230 hectares. The lack of science-based technology, the lack of promising hybrids, due to the lack of study of the topic of growing and selecting varieties of vegetable crops in protected ground in the conditions of Flat and foothill Dagestan, greenhouse farms bear significant losses. The quantity and quality of the greenhouse tomato crop largely depends on the well-chosen varieties (hybrids) of tomato, the timing of seed sowing and seedling planting.Methods. Experimental work was carried out in the greenhouse of LLC Agro-AS. The selection and evaluation of tomato hybrids for cultivation in film greenhouses in the winter-spring turnover were carried out. The control is the Tiwai 12 F1. The optimal time for sowing seeds and planting seedlings in the substrate for winter-spring turnover of film greenhouses was determined.Results. The characteristic of promising hybrids for growing in winter and spring turnover is given. The results of the dynamics of crop yield by month are presented. The influence of sowing and planting times on the duration of the growing season and the yield of tomatoes is shown. The optimal scheme of sowing and planting tomatoes in the conditions of winter and spring turnover is determined. Data on the economic efficiency of the studied planting dates are presented. The prospects of growing the studied hybrids in this region are indicated.

The method of hydroponics for growing plants without soil has been developed, where the many advantages are: the high technological performance; reduce of expenses; economy in watering and fertilizers due to lack of drainage system and extra engineering needed for solution circulation; reduce of exploitations expenses due to lack of soil tilling. There is also no problem concerning the root rots that are typical for all methods of growing plants without soil. This allows growing the plants with large root volume and prolonged period of vegetation. Efficiency of this system  has been proven by multi-year experiments. It was shown  that  vegetable crop  such as cucumber,  the root system of which is very sensible to oxygen deficiency, well grew, developed and gave fruits on the vegetation tray.