35 viruses have been reported to infect peppers (Capsicum spp.) and those lead to economic losses like low  and  variable yield. Viral diseases are an important factor  provoking  low  yield and reduced  fruit  quality. In low volume hydroponics the spread of virus infection had local character. The two types of symptoms were revealed. The plants with symptoms of green mottle, chlorosis, deformation of mid-rib  in top leaves, and leaf blade rolling by edges inwardly were observed in breeding accessions with light-green fruit color such as ‘Maria’, ‘L-Ochrovanie’,  ‘Belosnezhka’. The deformation,  mottle and symptoms of inner necrosis can be seen on fruits. The degree of disease development reached 100%. The results of  enzyme-linked immunosorbent  assay (ELISA) and ImmunoStrips assays enabled to identify the tobacco mosaic  virus  (TMV). There  were  blight-yellow   mottle, wrinkling on entire plants and deformation and mottling on fruits. The symptoms appeared on the top leaves by the end of vegetation period that was caused by late viral impact. The degree of developing the disease was 10.5-25% on leaves and fruits that was less than on plants with green mosaic. Immunological  tests carried out  in open field showed the combined virus infections, consisting of TMV+CMV  with  degree  of  disease  development  was 37.5%. The rod-shaped particles, 30 nm in size, belonging to tobacco mosaic virus were discovered with the use of electron microscopy in pepper plants showing the symptoms of green and yellow mosaic.

In this article, based on the analysis of the technological process for the production of a new type of functional product "Desert from Jerusalem artichoke", potentially dangerous factors that may arise when making canned products are determined, and the probability and reasons for their occurrence are justified. Proceeding from these, determined by us dangerous factors, a block diagram of the control of the technological process of canning "Desert from Jerusalem artichoke" was compiled. In this block diagram, the main critical and control-critical points are established at the respective manufacturing stages throughout the entire technological process of product development. In addition, the severity of the consequences from the appearance of these dangerous factors and the ways of their elimination are estimated. The severity of the consequences for different factors is different. So, it can be insignificant, because the dangerous factors that cause it can be corrected after identifying and eliminating the cause of their defiant. They can be attributed to "not very significant." Therefore, a checkpoint is set in this operation. The severity of the consequences from other dangerous factors can be very significant – lead to diseases and even poisonings, so here is set a critical control point. Developed: The block diagram of the control of the technological process for the production of a new type of functional product "Dessert from Jerusalem artichoke" and "The map of critical control points to be monitored", established by the flowchart, allows the total production process of manufacturing safe food product on the principles of HACCP.

The knowledge of the biology and ecology of the dominant species of phytophages is necessary for optimization of crop protection. The turnip moth (Agrotis segetum) is one of these phytophages. It allows optimizing the existing approaches to limit the number of phytophages.