Preventive measures are most effective methods of plants pathogens control. Broad beans - Vicia faba L. - are infected by Uromyces fabae (Grev.) de Bary ex Fuckel, Ascochyta fabae Speg. and broad bean mottle virus (BBMV) at the Middle part of Russian Federation. Degrees of diseases spread were: for Uromyces fabae (Grev.) de Bary ex Fuckel - 76% (at 2009) and 6,5% (at 2011); for Ascochyta fabae Speg. - 100% (at 2009) and 1,5% (at 2011), for broad bean mottle virus - 23% (at 2009) and 46,3% (at 2011). It is known, that Ascochyta fabae Speg. is spreading by seeds. It has been proved by analysis of broad beans seeds germinated in the humid chamber. The significant negative correlation between the degree of plants affection and the degree of seeds germination has been established (r= -0,49; tr = 3,50>t05 = 2,01). This correlation is significant on 5%-level of significance. Recommendations for treatment of broad bean seeds against Ascochyta fabae Speg have been done for breeders.

Architectonics of dill seed-plant and ripeness level of seeds determine the linear sizes of embryo, exerting an influence on dormant stage, speed of embryo development, and main quality characteristics of seeds, which are responsible for their germination ability.

As a result of state variety trial in Belorussia the new varieties of winter garlic «elovezhskyi», «Soyuz», and «Yunior» were estimated, selected and included in the State register of new crops and varieties.

The results of VNIISSOK reproduction of vegetable seeds are given. The basic problems in seed production of vegetable crops are shown.

November 22-23, 2012, in Moscow («Borodino» hotel) the III Business Forum Fresh Food Russia 2012, fresh products, ready-to- eat food in modern fast food chains was held.

November 25, 2012 the international scientific community of geneticists and plant breeders will be celebrating the 125thanniversary of the birth of botanist and genetics, agronomist, geographer and founder of the national school of biology and breeding, Academician Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov. A III-rd International Scientific-Practical Conference «Modern trends in plant breeding and seed production of vegetable crops. Traditions and Prospects» took place in VNIISSOK in August 2012, dedicated to the 125th anniversary of the birth of the scientist.

We made an analysis of the status and development of tomato production in Bulgaria after its transition to a market economy and accession to the European Union. The problems encountered in the single market are shown. A brief description of the development of tomato breeding is given. The advantages and disadvantages of foreign and Bulgarian tomato varieties, directions of research with an emphasis on flavor and antioxidant properties of fruits are shown. The basic ways of overcoming the crisis and the need to protect the interests and positions of the country in the development of EU Common Agricultural Policy in 2014 - 2020 are described.

Sakhalin island is one of the regions of Russia with extreme climatic conditions. The first scientist in the field of biology, agriculture, and agro-ecology of Sakhalin region was Zimina Tatiana Alekseevna, Doctor of agricultural science. On the 26th November of 2011 the scientific community of genetics and plant breeders celebrated the 90-th birthday of Zimina T.A. The stuff of VNIISSOK cherish the memory of her as one of the talented scientist and devotee citizen.

The significance of world germplasm collection of vegetable crops and their wild relatives developed by Vavilov N.I. for scientific and breeding purposes are undertaken in the article.

Study of morphological parameters of seeds is of interest for the enhancement of quality of produced seeds vegetable Umbelliferae plants. Indicators of the linear dimensions of the embryo, endosperm, seed, and the degree of variability can be used for additional performance of a lot of seeds. Knowledge of morphology of heterogeneity of seeds should be taken into account in their growing, sorting, storage and presowing refinement.