The electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) based carbon credit potential in the present study was evaluated for the Shell Recharge Charging Station at Pimple Nilakh, Pune, Maharashtra. The objective was to determine whether carbon credits could provide an incentive for the establishment of EVCSs. The calculations were carried out with the Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) Methodology VM0038 for Electric Vehicle Charging Systems, Version 1.0. We show that the system can produce about 191 carbon credits per year. These credits are worth a potential monetary value of up to ₹ 7,96,947.50 in the Indian voluntary market, and up to ₹ 9,92,372.74 in the international compliance market, depending on the prevailing carbon credit values. This is at a maximum of approximately 31% more value than the annual profit generated from the charging station in the Indian voluntary market. Therefore, these carbon credits have the potential to be a useful way to speed up the adoption of green mobility by rewarding the creation of electric vehicle charging infrastructure. The results of this assessment showed the potential of EVCSs to provide sustainable transportation support and generate economic benefits through carbon credit monetization. The present work highlighted the need to standardize the validation and trading of carbon credits generated from green mobility

The processes of liquid fuel production from organic wastes by hydrothermal liquefaction lead to the formation of wastewater characterized by a high content of organic compounds, including lignosulfonates and their derivatives. The paper presents the results of a study designed to assess the possibility and feasibility of using such wastewater as concrete modifiers. The study confirmed the hypothesis that the use of HTL-AP slows down concrete curing processes (curing time increased 1.9 times compared to the control sample). It was found that the modifying properties of HTL-AP are higher than those of the commercial concrete modifier because even at higher curing retardation rates (curing time is 12.2% higher compared to concrete modified with the commercial solution), the use of HTL-AP results in minimal reduction in the strength properties of the concrete. The application of HTL-AP and commercial modifier results in a 7.1% and 14.5% reduction in compressive strength, respectively, and a 6.2% and 12.2% reduction in tensile strength, respectively. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that the use of HTL-AP as a retarder in concrete curing processes is well justified, as the positive effect has been experimentally confirmed. Using HTL-AP as a concrete modifier will improve the environmental efficiency of HTL processes and reduce the cost of frost-resistant concrete by eliminating the use of traditional expensive modifiers.

This study explores the development and performance evaluation of modified double-slope solar still (MDSS) configurations using recyclable materials. The objectives include improving water yield, thermal efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Experimental data were collected hourly under typical climatic conditions, focusing on parameters such as material type and operational modes. Results indicate significant improvements in water productivity, with the MDSS-Al-S700 achieving a daily yield of 7,527 mL.m- ² and a thermal efficiency of 45.7%. The cost per liter was reduced to ₹0.014, demonstrating remarkable economic viability. The findings highlight MDSS systems as sustainable and scalable solutions for addressing water scarcity, with enhanced environmental payback times and reduced carbon emissions. These advancements underline the potential of MDSS systems to align with global sustainability goals while ensuring affordability and efficiency.

Rice growing is widely practiced in the northern Indian region known as the Indo-Gangetic Plain. A significant amount of rice straw is burned in the field due to the absence of a waste management system. To boost its economic value, Rice straw is converted into activated charcoal, which can subsequently be used for wastewater treatment, metal extraction, air purification, and other applications. The purpose of this work was to produce porous activated carbon particles from RS waste using a chemical activation procedure that included 40% orthophosphoric acid. The process of synthesizing porous carbon particles involves three steps: (i) carbonization, (ii) chemical impregnation, and (iii) activation treatment. Variations were made to the activation temperature, residence time, and activating agent concentration to attain the best possible approach for the activation treatment. Activated carbon was characterized using different techniques, such as XRD, FTIR, FESEM, and EDX. Experimental results showed that this approach is effective at producing porous carbon particles. ACs synthesized were carbonaceous and amorphous in form, as determined by X-ray diffraction studies. FTIR revealed the presence of functional groups that are good for adsorption, such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, amines, aromatic, and others. Scanning electron micrographs showed that activated carbon has a compact and porous structure. When comparing the activated carbon to the original rice straw, EDX demonstrates the increased carbon content. The optimal conditions determined are 700°C, a ratio of 1:3, and a duration of 90 min. The results of the investigation show that the agricultural wastes used in the evaluation may serve as low-cost sources of material for the production of local ACs, thereby addressing the issue of disposing of agricultural wastes.

The water quality of the River Mahananda has continuously deteriorated due to increased exposure of untreated wastewater from the urban areas, increasing the concentration of anthropogenic toxicants in aquatic environments that might enhance the cellular oxidative stress-induced physiological imbalance on the aquatic biota. In the present study, we have assessed the water quality of the River Mahananda and evaluated its detrimental effects on the oxidative stress parameters and neurotoxic biomarker of Cirrhinus reba. The principal component analysis revealed a significant impact of zinc, copper, fluoride, and ammonia on the pollution status of the River Mahananda. A significant decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase was observed in the liver, while significantly increased (p<0.001) concentrations of TBARS in the liver, kidney, brain, and gill of C. reba were found at the polluted sites. An organ-specific significant decrease (p<0.001) in the acetylcholinesterase activity was noted in the brain tissue of C. reba at the polluted sites (S2<S3<S4) compared to the control. The result of our study indicates the noxious impact of anthropogenic pollutants on the physiological metabolisms of Cirrhinus reba, an alternative model for ecotoxicological study.

Urbanization and economic development have led to an increase in the production of plastics. The increased production of plastics has resulted in the accumulation of plastics in the environment, leading to plastic pollution. The plastics are exposed to various weathering processes and undergo decomposition, which leads to the formation of microplastics. Polyethylene is one of the microplastics which contributes to the maximum share of pollution and is very hazardous. The safe degradation of polyethylene can be done by microbial degradation. This study examined the extent of plastic degradation through the use of microbes. The species of bacterium were isolated from Plastic dumping grounds in Karad. The isolated and screened microbes were assessed further in terms of their degradation potential. The evaluation of polyethylene degradation potential was conducted using the weight loss method, FTIR analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. One bacterial isolate showed positive results, and the screening results showed growth, which measured 7mm around the inoculated well. The screened-out isolate degraded 40% of the polyethylene, which was evaluated by weight loss method. Scanning electron microscopy showed the pits and holes which were formed by degradation. The promising isolate was later identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Lysinibacillus macroides

Headwaters, considered strategic zones for preserving water resources and crucial for evaluating water quality and streamflow, have been increasingly subjected to anthropogenic pressure in recent years. This pressure, exerted by human activities, has notable negative repercussions on the quality of both water and soil resources. This study aims to assess the contamination of water resources in the headwaters of the Copargo municipality by trace metals (arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead). To this end, water samples were collected during two sampling campaigns conducted during the high-water (August 2023) and low-water (November 2023) periods. 42 sampling sites were selected, comprising 9 wells, 7 boreholes, 25 rivers, and 1 dam. These samples were properly preserved and transported to the laboratory for analysis of trace metals, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), according to the EPA 6010B method. The results indicate that the concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead measured in water resources during the high-water period are significantly higher than those observed during the low-water period (p<0.05). Regarding the water quality of Beninese drinking water standards, the concentrations of trace metals in the water from wells, boreholes, and rivers are generally below the established thresholds, except for mercury. Specifically, mercury concentrations of 1.56 μg.L-1, 1.67 μg.L-1, and 1.79 μg.L-1 in well, borehole, and river water, respectively, exceed the Beninese standard of 1 μg.L-1. Furthermore, the results reveal that the average concentrations of arsenic (0.9 μg.L-1), cadmium (0.71 μg.L-1), and lead (0.32 μg.L-1) are slightly higher in groundwater than in surface waters, where they are 0.71 μg.L-1, 0.2 μg.L-1, and 0.31 μg.L-1, respectively. In contrast, surface water’s average mercury concentration is higher (0.9 μg.L-1) than groundwater (0.8 μg.L-1). The contamination and pollution indices calculated indicate that 88.89% of the wells, 14.3% of the boreholes, and 46.15% of the rivers exhibit a moderate level of contamination (1 < DC < 3), while only one borehole (14.3%) shows a high contamination level (DC = 4.28). Regarding the pollution load index, all water resources studied show a low level of pollution. Despite the low observed contamination, the mercury concentrations suggest that most of the water resources in the municipality are unsuitable for human consumption. Although water resource contamination is relatively low, the toxicological risk remains concerning due to the cumulative nature of trace metals. This situation underscores the need for a modeling study of pollutant transfer to enable dynamic monitoring and better prediction of the quality of these water resources.

Chromium (Cr) is one of the 20 most abundant elements on Earth and is a heavy metal frequently found in leachates. This study aimed to diagnose the presence of total Cr in the soil and groundwater of the Cotaxtla aquifer, resulting from the improper disposal of urban solid waste (USW) in Veracruz, Mexico. Composite soil and groundwater samples were collected from three deep wells adjacent to the study area. The total Cr concentration was determined following the procedure established in the NMX-AA-051-SCFI-2001 standard. The mean concentration of total chromium in groundwater was 0.0438 mg.L⁻¹, with a maximum of 0.0585 mg.L⁻¹. The average chromium concentration in the soil samples was 0.527 mg.kg⁻¹, with a maximum of 0.558 mg.kg⁻¹. No correlation was observed between the concentration of Cr in water and soil. However, the total Cr concentrations in groundwater exceeded the maximum permissible limits (0.05 mg.L⁻¹) established in NOM-127-SSA-1994 for human consumption and the drinking water quality parameters of international standards. The effects of Cr on human health, due to exposures exceeding established limits, include respiratory tract problems and skin lesions.

Cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) were estimated along a water-soil-plant-firefly food chain for understanding bioaccumulation and biotransformation at the study site, i.e., areas surrounding a surface water body exposed to multidirectional anthropogenic usage (bathing, cleaning, washing) and periodic exposures of domestic sewerages and runoffs from nearby agricultural areas. In the food chain components, the trend of accumulation followed Fe > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cr > Cd. Chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) levels were higher in sediment (80 ppm and 34.4 ppm, respectively). Lower N/P ratio (0.08) together with high pH (7.8±1.2) in water indicated the eutrophic conditions. Dissolved metals (

India is a decisive player in the global economic platform and continues to hold its standing as the fastest-growing major economy. The rapid rise in population growth, the surge in vehicular traffic, and the establishment of small-scale industries are leading to a deteriorating environment, road accidents, worsening traffic congestion, and inequality in access to mobility in Indian cities. Better urban mobility can play a major role in unlocking the Indian cities’ potential. In this paper, a system dynamics-based sustainable urban transportation model is designed and developed to reduce total vehicle population, carbon emissions, and road traffic congestion by monitoring the impact of five formulated and generated policy scenario maps. The system dynamics approach is a computer-aided approach based on causal feedback structure and feedback dynamics. The model incorporates seven submodels: total population, gross domestic product, environmental impact, total vehicle population, road transport demand, road transport infrastructure, and road traffic congestion. The factor of policy scenario implication is selected as a control variable within the model simulation framework. The model simulation results indicate that a powerful endorsement policy scenario map can lead to a decrease in the total number of vehicles, which in turn promotes the rapid adoption of sustainable technologies, such as electric vehicles. This model also contributes to enhancing urban mobility in India by creating a sustainable urban transportation system and achieving carbon neutrality.