Using DNA banks or gene libraries is the most efficient method of protecting and managing valuable, endangered, and rare gene pools. Genomic libraries are collections of bacteria colonies with restriction sites on their genomic DNA that contain desired genes from a specific organism. The “Scientific Center of AgroBiotechnology” branch of ANAU has created gene libraries of 34 plant species, which are preserved in the National Genebank of Crops and their Wild Relatives, which forms a basis for genomic selection. This allows genetic identification, barcoding, DNA formula decoding, and, most importantly, is the basis for genome identification. Based on the results, plasmids can incorporate restriction segments of genomic DNA and be efficiently transformed. The high level of correlation between the number of necessary clones and the efficiency of transformation of all studied plant species proves the completeness of the gene pool.

Application of fertilizers is among the prior agriculture measures to achieve sustainable potato yield in conditions of leached soils of Lori region, poor in essential plant nutrients. The field experiments established that to obtain maximum potato yield in addition to the introduction of the main mineral fertilizer (NPK) it is necessary to apply complex water-soluble fertilizer (CWF) via foliar feeding thrice during the vegetation period with 10-12 days of interval. In this case the yield amount was 286 c/ha, 40.0 % of which was large and 35.0 % were medium size. The tuber’s chemical composition was also improved. In the case of using N120P120K120 the yield amount was 261.0 c/ha, out of which 30.2 % were large and 40.5 % were medium size, while in the control variant 207.5 c/ha yield was received, out of which only 15.1 % were large and 35.9 % – medium in size.

In recent years, the successful development of dog breeding in Armenia has been hindered by various diseases, the most common of which is demodicosis. The spread of the demodicosis invasion in Yerevan is mainly due to the uncontrolled breeding of dogs, violation of sanitary and hygiene rules for dog rearing, and unauthorized sale and purchase of dogs. Lack of information about the disease among the dog owner and breeders is another important reason for the spread of the disease. Demodicosis in dogs proceeds with certain variations. The extent of invasion in autumn was 51.7 %, in spring – 34 %, in winter – (32.2 %), and in summer it was 18.5 %. The relatively low temperature of the external environment and the high relative humidity of the air are probably favorable conditions for the reproduction, growth, and development of causative agents of demodicosis in dogs. Studies have shown that the highest degree of demodicosis was observed among maternal livestock, and animals older than three months. The lowest degree of disease damage was observed in puppies up to three months old.

This study assessed potential risks associated with antibiotic residues in Armenian honey. Honey sample analysis revealed multiple antibiotics, in varying concentrations. Estimated daily intakes of antibiotics were calculated for different consumer clusters. The margin of exposure was determined based on acceptable daily intake values. The findings indicate that there are no risks to consumers regarding antibiotic residues in honey. However, it highlights the importance of controlling antibiotics in beekeeping practices to ensure honey safety.

The influence of secondary raw materials in primary winemaking on the organoleptic and physico chemical parameters of butter cookies made of wheat and oat flour has been studied. It was revealed that cookies with this additive have appropriate consumer properties and physicochemical parameters that meet accepted standards. It was shown that the processed product was enriched with the elements necessary for the body. These elements include Na, C, Mg, Ca, P, Fe, Zn, and Cu, and the powerful antioxidant resveratrol. Obtaining food additives by processing grape pomace and their use in confectionery products will contribute to primary winemaking with minimal waste.

Genetic markers for the study of genetic diversity are divided into 4 groups: morphological or phenotypic, biochemical or protein, cytogenetic, and molecular or DNA. Currently, ISSR-DNA markers or Inter Simple Sequence Repeats is widely used for the genetic characterization of various crop varieties and wild species. In the present day, ISSR-DNA markers (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) are widely used to characterize various crop varieties and wild species from their genetic makeup. It is used both for inter-species and intra-species genetic variability of populations and for genetic diversity, and species identification, as well as for genome mapping and marking of useful economic traits. The purpose of this research was to certify the wild species and population varieties of beet common in Armenia using DNA markers, to offer them as a selection starting material. The studied wild species and population varieties of beet are distinguished by a high degree of polymorphism: 33.3-88.9 %. According to the indicators of genetic diversity, most of the studied species and varieties are characterized as the main or typical gene pools with a minimum number and frequency of rare alleles. An exception is the Aparan population of table beet, which is distinguished by a high degree of originality. According to the indicators studied with ISSR DNA markers, it is possible to select the right parental forms for beet breeding activities.

As a part of the research, the species composition of almond diseases, as well as the susceptibility of different almond varieties, was studied. The following diseases and pests were detected at Armavir Marz: shot hole disease, almond leaf scorch, foamy canker, chlorosis, gummosis, peach twig borer, and green peach aphid. Trees of the Guara variety were infected with shot hole and gummosis, Penta - with gummosis, leaf scorch, and chlorosis. Diseases were not detected in trees of the Lauranne variety. Almond leaf scorch (Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al.) and foamy canker (Zymomonas Kluyver and van Niel) diseases were recorded in Armenia for the first time. Plant pathogenic fungi Arthrinium sp./Apiospora sp., Fusarium acuminatum, F. Incarnatum-equiseti, F. oxysporum, Valsa sordida (Cytospora chrysosperma), as well as non-pathogenic fungi Clonostachys rosea, Lachancea quebecensis, Mucor circinelloides, Pichia kudriavzevii and Torulaspora sp. have been isolated and identified from almond branches and trunks infected with gummosis.

Brucellosis is endemic in Armenia. Test slaughtering is used to fight Brucellosis in large and small ruminants. Cross-contamination among the various types of animals with various types of causative agents may contribute to the permanent existence of the epizootic chain. A study is being conducted to determine whether brucellosis is present among stray dogs in Yerevan (Capital of RA). The Rose Bengal test (RBT), serum agglutination test (SAT), and indirect and competitive ELISA tests were performed on 384 blood samples from stray dogs in Yerevan. The competitive ELISA detects only specific antibodies against B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis and differentiates the Brucella 19 strain. According to the diagnostic algorithm for final diagnosis, positive samples by RBT must be confirmed by two other tests. Out of 384 samples tested by RBT, 17 (4.4 %) were positive. Out of 384 samples, 11 (2.9 %) were positive by SAT, 9 samples (2.3 %) tested positive by indirect ELISA, and 16 samples (4.2 %) tested positive by competitive ELISA. We have shown the presence of Brucella spp. among stray dogs in Yerevan. It is necessary to implement additional studies among dog (particularly shepherd dogs) populations in marzes with a higher prevalence of Brucellosis. These additional results will provide an opportunity to evaluate the role of dogs in ensuring a stable epizootic chain of Brucellosis among agricultural animals. They will contribute to a strategy design for preventing the spread of disease.

Pig breeding is considered one of the most significant directions of livestock breeding both worldwide and in the Republic of Armenia. Various types of antibiotic drugs are used in animal husbandry, particularly in pig breeding, to promote animal growth and development. The current challenge in agriculture is antibiotic resistance, which can be caused by improper use of antibiotics in animal husbandry. In the study, 50 biological samples (feces samples) of 50 pigs were collected from three regions in the Republic of Armenia. We found Salmonella spp. in 6 (12.0 %) of 50 pig samples studied by us and in 41 (82.0 %) bacteria belonging to E-coli groups was detected. The detected bacteria belonging to the Salmonella group showed absolute 100 % resistance to 7 out of 16 antibiotics. The detected E. coli bacteria showed 100 % resistance to 7 out of 16 antibiotic types. When carrying out antibiotic treatment against salmonellosis and colibacteriosis diseases in pigs, The results of the research should be taken into account and the use of antibiotics of this type should be excluded.

Our research aimed to create a novel lactose-free sour milk product. This would be attractive for local producers and give new possibilities for the development of the dairy industry. The new product consists of two ingredients: yogurt and ricotta. Lactose-free yogurt technology has been developed for the first component production.Yogurt with 3 different curds has been produced and subjected to physicochemical and organoleptic testing. Bacterial culture consisting of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus were added in quantities of 100 units per 250 liters milk. The dose of lactase enzyme has been determined to decrease lactose content to 0.01 %:0.48 ml/l Ha-Lactase 5200 NLU. Technological parameters have been developed to ensure higher yield and faster protein separation for ricotta production. Three samples with different proportions (yogurt/ricotta) have been produced to obtain a product with a pleasant taste, aroma, and homogeneity for consumers. As a result of the organoleptic examination of the obtained samples, the optimal ratio has been defined as 90:10. Buckthorn puree was used as a natural additive. The food recipe has been developed, energy value and cost value have been calculated, and the titratable acidity of the food has been investigated.