The problem of the study in the presence of limited and the fragility of the economic resources and human potential in the agricultural desert communities developing, especially in the beginning of the configuration, including Sahl El -Tina area in Sinai, the study aims to identify the efficient use of resources in the activity of fish farming as agricultural activities was80 farms randomly selected, Sample divided into two category, first category (less than 10 acres) a represents about of 50 farms, Second category (10 acres or more) a representsabout30 fish farmers. The study reached the following results: - The average net return per acre of aquaculture capacitive initial production amounted to about 7, 19 thousand pounds / acre, while at about 11, 94 thousand pounds / acre capacitive productivity second. - The average net value added of aquaculture capacitive initial production amounted to about 61, 88 thousand pounds, while amounted to about 240, 5 thousand pounds capacitive productivity second.   - The rate of return on invested capital capacitive initial production amounted to about 28, 92%, and about 36, 2% and the second capacitive productivity that is higher than the yield of the opportunity cost of the investment, which indicates an increase in economic efficiency of the activity of fish farming. - It turns out that the average capital recovery capacitive productivity initial period of approximately 3,4 years, and the second capacitive production amounted to about 2,76 years which shows the high economic efficiency and productivity for the second capacitive production capacity initial sample study. -Through the study of fish farms sample study problems The main problems in the feed, seed, labor, marketing, security, licensing, financing, site location, and management and through the results of the Likert scale show that the feed problem comes in first in terms of relative importance, followed by the arrangement respectively problem of seed, labor, marketing, security, licenses, while showing low relative importance to the problems of financing, location, and management as the relative importance of each one degree lower than the overall average for the total score.

Physico-chemical properties of honey and honey samples adulterated with glucose or sucrose were determined. Total soluble solids (TSS), pH and electrical conductivity of honey and its adulterated samples ranged between (84.10-84.50%), (3.80-4.63) and (11.73 – 232.32µS), respectively. Sensory properties of honey and its adulterated samples showed that, no differences in the sensorial properties were found in authentic honey and honey adulterated with 25% sucrose or 25% glucose. Increasing adulteration ratio to 50% glucose decreased taste, flavor, color and general appearance, while adulterated honey with 50% sucrose caused significant decrease in taste and general appearance. The possibility of using HPLC to detect adulteration of honey through determining their sugars content was evaluated. The obtained results indicated that, authentic honey was characterized with its higher fructose/glucose ratio (1.21) compared to adulterated honey samples (ranged between 0.35 - 0.94). FT-IR spectroscopic technique was used to evaluate honey quality. Reliability FT-IR for quantitative and qualitative analysis of sucrose, glucose and fructose were evaluated.  The main FT-IR spectral bands of sucrose, glucose and fructose were identified at different concentration levels. The relationship between sugars concentration (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and its spectral bands absorbance (peak height) were evaluated to prepare sugars standard curves and their linear equations. Selected main peaks of sucrose, glucose and fructose provide the best calibration model with correlation coefficient (r2) higher than (0.9). Honey samples adulterated with glucose were characterized with specific spectral peaks, in which the absorbance was increased by increasing the ratio of adulteration with glucose at 1087, 1105, 1189 and 984 cm-1, while the adulteration with sucrose lead to increase in the absorbance of spectral bands of sucrose as 1054, 1149 and 984 cm-1 especially in honey adulterated with 50 % sucrose.

World countries are highly involved in securing food for their citizens. With the rising world population, the world has increased the demand on fisheries as one of the protein supplements. The economic importance of fisheries comes from the fact that it is a renewable natural resource that can generate high economic revenues. This paper thus aims to address the main factors that contribute to increasing the fishery production in Egypt. The main findings are as follows: The feed ranked the first in terms of relative importance of total costs in civil farms. It accounted for around 59.9% and 65.23% respectively in the first and second groups. In the second rank came the farm rent constituting around 14.05% and 13.34% of total costs for the first and second group respectively. The findings revealed that average productivity per Acre estimated around 3.711 tons, 4.63 tons/acre for the first and second group respectively. The net investment revenue estimated around L.E. 0.49, 0.79 for the first and second group. The estimated optimum production point that minimizes costs is around 7.09 tons, 5.21 tons for the first and second groups respectively. The revenue/cost ratio estimated around 1.49, 1.79 times for the first and second group respectively. This is a higher-than-one number; thus revealing the feasibility of investing in these projects.   Policy recommendations   In light of the findings and in order to achieve inclusive development in this vital sector in Egypt, the study recommends directing more investments to the sector and constructing more farms in light of their high economic significance. It is important to provide preferential loans with flexible terms for farmers in this sector Enhancing the use of production and manufacturing technology in this sector. Disseminating the problems faced by the sector to universities and research centers to be studies and to find out practical solutions.

An experiment was carried out to study the effect of Bio and organic fertilizer on cucumber growth and yield during two successive seasons of 2010 and 2011 at Northern region in united Arab Emirates. The Queen cucumber hybrid was fertilized with different organic fertilizers i.e. Horse manure, compost, chickens manure and cows manure. Also using the bio fertilizer i.e. phosphobactein, Azotobacter and mycorrhizal. The results showed that cucumber yields differed in their response to the bio and organic fertilizer. The results showed that the compost was higher nitrogen percent and lower in C/N ratio, and pH, than the others organic fertilizer especially horse manure. The study demonstrated that the average cumulative cucumber yield was higher with compost + 22 (gm) mycorhizol/ plots treatments compared to other treatments throughout the experiment during the two successive winter seasons of 2010 and 2011. The plant height and plant fresh weight (g), with N100% mineral (control) deceased by 28% and 40% compared to N 100% organic (Compost) respectively during the winter season of 2010. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of cucumber fruits (%) significantly increased, as did the soil with the increase of organic fertilizes applied. The experimental results confirmed the combination of bio-and organic fertlizers could increase plant growth, yield and quality. It also confirmed that composted organic fertlizers can be used a source of nutration instead of chemical fertlizers for cucumber plants.

Salt stresses collectively are responsible for many crop losses worldwide especially salt -sensitive plants. The present study investigates the roles of exogenous application of glycinebetaine (GB, 5mM) in improving salt stress tolerance in salt sensitive green bean seedlings. Salt stresses (45mM NaCl for one week) significantly reduced leaf relative water (RWC) and chlorophyll (chl) content and increased percentage of electrolyte leakage, endogenous Proline and lipid peroxidation. Activities of peroxidase(PX), ascorbate peroxidae (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), were significantly increased in shoots and roots of green bean seedlings subjected to salt stress. Exogenous application of GB improves salt tolerance of green been seedlings as shown by increased  RWC and chlorophyll contents in leaves and reduced percentage of electrolyte leakage,  lipid peroxidation and proline content. Under salinity stress condition, GB application decreased the activities of PX, CAT, APX and SOD in seedling shoots, whereas, it increased the activities of CAT and AP in roots. The result suggests that exogenous application of GB increased green bean seedlings' tolerance to salt-induced oxidative damage by upregulating their antioxidant defense system where this compatible solute protect plant cell against salinity stress.

This research reviews the distribution of some old species of the Egyptian flora in different phytogeographical regions. Results are compared with the suggestions given by Täckholm (1974), El-Hadidi and Fayed (1994/95), El-Khanagry and Mohamed (2004), and Boulos (2009). The research includes new distribution of 38 species belong to 34 genera and 22 families.

This study was conducted through the seasons of 2013 and 2014 to determine the optimum bud loads/ vine for Autumn Royal seedless "grapevines. Three years old uniform vines were uniform chosen and pruned to four levels of bud load, namely (32, 42, 52 and 60 buds/ vine). With fruiting spur at 2, 3 and 4 buds per spur The results showed that the percentage of bursted buds was decreased significantly by increasing bud load /vine in the two seasons of the study. Data also indicated that 42 buds/ vine were more suitable for Autumn Royal seedlessgrapevines to produce good yield and fruit quality. On the other hand, 32 buds/vine or 60 buds/vine were unfavorable science it produced rather clusters. In addition, pruning Autumn Royal seedless "grapevines to 42buds /vine by leaving 21 spur  with 2 eyes/spur or leaving 14 spur with 3 eyes per spur resulted a high yield and good quality, reduced cluster compactness and reduced shoot berries %,  gave the greatest cluster weight, berry firmness, adherence, T.S.S and anthocyanin content. Increasing bud load increased number of cluster/vine and yield but reduced cluster weight. Vines pruned to 32 buds / vine gave the greatest C/N ratio of the canes. Whereas vines pruned to 60 buds / vine showed higher percent of T.A than the other levels of bud load and cane length.

Agricultural foreign trade represents an important place in the total foreign trade for its contribution to the amount of change in the deficit in the trade of agricultural balance plus or minus, and thus change the extent of the deficit in the trade balance, and foreign trade which reflects the production, consumption and investment variables through the evolution of exports and imports. The problem with research in the State to take a lot of policies that help the development of exports and reduce imports of agricultural ones especially, but he agricultural exports did not achieve its objective which reflects the weak economic performance in the trade deficit, and the goals of research identify the evolution of exports and imports of the subject of the study crops, and the study of the economic efficiency of the Egyptian agricultural foreign trade through the relative importance of exports and imports of agricultural goods through the international exchange rate, and estimate the total agricultural foreign trade efficiency, which Based on appreciation to a number of indicators including coverage rate, dependency ratio, the degree of economic participation. According to the results obtained, the average coverage of trade overall rate was about 43.86%, while the counterpart of agricultural trade amounted to about 41.2%, indicating a lack of total agricultural exports to the requirements of the total and agricultural development cover, also results indicate that the average economic dependency of the trade rate total amounted to about 56.92%, while the counterpart of agricultural trade amounted to about 15.3%, which indicates a decline of agricultural dependence on counterpart rate at the national level, and reached the total average degree of economic participation of trade about 40.39%, while the counterpart of agricultural trade amounted to about 43.7% which refers to the coverage of agricultural trade to the proportion of 92.5% of total trade, also indicate a net food balance and the ratio of exports of food imports to the existence of permanent disability in food balance statistics, has been the exchange rate decreased commodity crops study namely rice, wheat, maize, dry beans and potatoes to less than one is true, which means that the exchange rate in an invalid state and this would lower real income and the low level of well-being as a result of lower exports of these crops and this is due to the obstacles facing agricultural exports, and recommended research need to take care of software development and support services for agricultural exports from the structure key export and activating the agreements, and the expansion of agricultural projects that produce for export.

In spite of the development observed in the area and production of potatoes crop in Yemen for the period of (1990-2010) to the level of self-sufficiency, the exported quantity, however, still very limited, It even decreased sharply in 2010 by 84.5%, compared to it's level exported in 2006. Stagnant productivity of potatoes in Yemen at around 13 ton only per-hectare, in front of (35- 45) ton/h globally, is believed to be the main obstacle standing behind the failure of exportation the Yemeni potatoes to the abroad. According to field study, several results have been obtained, the most important of which: The variables, such as, chemical fertilizer, equipment, manure and seeds are found to be the most effective factors on the output of potatoes. It is proved statistically significant at (0.01) level and responsible for the change occurred in the production of sampled individuals by 77% (R2), however, the result show that the quantity used in the production process of potatoes by mentioned above factors fill short to meat the level of optimal quantity required to maximize the profit.  The size of optimal level of production was estimated at (19.9) ton and the price of potatoes accepted by producers was estimated at 121390 YR/Ton. According to percentage of importance, seeds came first at the total variable cost by 31%, then, irrigation by 17.6%, fertilizers and pesticides 14.6%. Net revenue was estimated at (493640) YR, and the benefit /cost ratio was estimated at 1.40. The most important recommendation reached by this study is directed toward more using inputs in process of production by producers of potatoes, to maximize profit and increase productivity of area cultivated.

Wheatgrass juice is the young grass of the common wheat plant (Triticum aestivum) freshly juiced for human consumption. The objective of the investigation performed was to assess the nutritional value of wheatgrass juice under laboratory and open field conditions at two different cuts. Protein, chlorophyll contents, minerals content (Ca, Fe, Mg, Zn and Se) and amino acids content as well as phytochemical constituents were determined. Grown wheatgrass at laboratory caused an increase of the protein content of its juice over open field condition. High chlorophyll content was observed under open field especially at second cut. Most of minerals content underwent to increase under open field except Mg content. Aspartic acid was recorded the highest amino acid in both laboratory and open field. Total essential amino acids were increased under open field condition at both first and second cut followed by first cut at laboratory. No big changes of natural phytochemicals constituents can shown between laboratory and open field condition while it was more pronounced compare with wheat seeds. The study suggested that sprouting wheat seeds at laboratory and open field improve the nutritional value of grass juice with preferably to laboratory condition especially at first cut and for saving agricultural land.