A greenhouse pot experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of salinity and potassium at different levels alone or in various combinations on growth, mineral and proline content in leaves of plantlets of Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Bartomouda (in vitro production, two years old from acclima tized them). The following treatments were applied: three levels of salinity Na Cl + Ca C12 w.w 2:1 (14000, 16000 and 18000 ppm.) and two levels of potassium (2000 and 3000 ppm) in addition to control (no salts or potassium used), salts and potas sium were added in the irrigation water. In general, all levels of salinity significantly decreased various growth parameters such as plant height, number of leaves and roots, root length, fresh and dry weights of leaves than that of the control. These parameters were decreased with increasing salinity levels, whereas it, significantly increased Na, Ca and K contents in leaves with high content of proline. The treatment 18000 ppm salts gave the highest significant reduction of the growth parameters, while caused an increase in proline Na, Ca, and K contents compared to control treatment (no salts) . This was true in both seasons. The applications of potassium significantly increased the previous growth parameters as compared with the control treatment (without salts and potassium) the treatment 3000 ppm had the highest results. Moreover the applications of potassium gave high alleviated the negative effects of salt stress, the treatment 3000 ppm gave the best results on the growth parameters of date palm plantlets grown under salinity condition . Regarding the interaction the obtained data revealed that the interaction between treatment 3000 ppm potassium and 14000 salts produced the highest significant results. Gen erally, from the obtained results it can conclude that the plantlets of date palm produced by tissue culture can be tolerated salt stress by addition of potassium which can significantly ameliorate the harmful effects of salts, positive effects on the growth parameters of the plantlets was showed by potassium applications.

Field trials were conducted during 2005 and 2006 seasons at Minofia governorate to evaluate the effect of planting date of three cowpea cultivars on their infestation rate with cowpea pod borer, Etiella zienckenella. For each cowpea cultivar planted at each tested date, the numbers of bores and larvae were counted in green and dry pods as well as in dry seeds and the means were obtained to estimate the degree of insect infestations. Results indicated that, regardless the planting date in both seasons, Kream7 was the highest resistant cultivar to insect infestation followed by Kaha l and then Kafr El Shikhl. On the other hand, regardless the cowpea cultivar, the rate of insect infestation was greatly reduced at the early plantation. Thus, selection of Kream7 cultivar and early plantation could be involved in reducing E. zinckenella infestation and subsequently increase the cowpea yield. These studies clearly demonstrated that several non-insecticidal approaches have great potential for cowpea pod borer Etiella zinckenella management. These approaches include some of integrated pest management strategies which can effectively prevent or reduce infestation.

This study presents the Mallophaga and Anoplura lice which affects farm animals (camels sheep and goats), a local area east of the Saudi Arabia of different ages, races, classes. Study the classification of lice was recorded as using the optical microscope and electronic scanning. The study shows scanning electron microscopy micro-structure of the species: Bovicola (Damalinia) ovis, Linognathus africanus and the study showed the installation of a portfolio of head lice, and the distribution of filament head, chest and abdomen, as shown over the centuries, the difference in the form of remote sensing and Swallows in thesexuallice, the first study in this area.

Farm animals have a high economic importance because of their important products such as meat, milk, hair as well as skin, not only in our country but also all over the world. These animals can be infected by serious pathogens, external and internal parasites causing severe damage, which result in losses of animal production. Accordingly, the study of external parasites with light microscope and scanning electron microscope were recorded, to clarify the exact composition of species. Also, differences in the morphological characteristics between the two Myiasis species: Oestrus ovis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Cephalopina titillator (Clark 1797), were investigated.