Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF) flared up in a dairy farm with 2097 animals. The disease started in September, 2006, with daily means of environmental temperature (ET) and relative humidity (RH) of 23.8 ºC and 37%, respectively, and ended after 48 days with ET and RH of 16.2 ºC and 68%, respectively. In this outbreak, the age of affected animals was above 10 months and the morbidity rate was 13.07%. Clinical signs included fever, hyperpnoea, mouth breathing, subcutaneous emphysema and death. Histologically, there were vasculitis,hyperemia; hemorrhage and edema in soft tissues and rupture of alveolar walls. Both Culex and Colicoides spp. were captured as vectors. Bovine Ephemeral Fever virus genome was detected in blood samples by RT-PCR and the CPE was shown by blood sample culture.

Aseel is an indigenous breed of poultry recognized for its majestic gait and cock fighting.Southern part of Chhattisgarh is its breeding tract. Vanaraja is a crossbreed being popularized by the Department of Animal Husbandary (C.G.) to improve the livelihood of tribal peoples.Ductus deferens is part of reproductive system which plays an important role in transportation of spermatozoa and fertilization. In the present study, 10 birds of two age group viz. 5 months (grower) and 13 months (adult) of each breed were used. Ductus deferens was collected,processed and sections were stained for demonstration of normal histological structure, collagen fibers, elastic fibers, reticular fibers, carbohydrates and mucopolysaccharides. The height of epithelium, height of mucosal folds at different segments, number of mucosal folds per transverse section, thickness of wall excluding mucosal folds, maximum and minimum diameter of ductus deferens was significantly higher in growers and adults of Vanaraja than Aseel. The density of connective tissue fibers, PAS activity and AB-PAS activity was higher in both groups of Vanaraja compared to Aseel.

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly infectious respiratory pathogen of domestic cats with a widespread distribution. In order to assess how FCV circulates in feral and household cats, we have carried out the first study on the FCV detection in Ahvaz district from December 2008 to November 2009. Oropharyngeal, nasal and ocular swabs of one hundred cats (70 feral and 30 household) were evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) procedure for the detection of FCV. The influence of sex, age, social status and clinical signs on the probability of infection was analyzed using statistical Fisher’s exact test. Overall, feline calicivirus was detected in 4/100 (4%) of sampled cats; 13.3% of the household cats were FCV positive compared to 0% of feral cats. According to several factors including younger cats (under 6 months of age), multiple cat household and clinical findings, differences were significant (p0.05). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report indicating the presence of FCV in cats in Iran. Due to low prevalence of FCV infection and the fact that feral cats live solitarily, it was concluded that this viral infection don’t spread readily within feral populations. However special measures are recommended to avoid infection of susceptible and unvaccinated cats.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary melatonin supplementation (10 mg/kg body wt. for 4 weeks) on some erythrocytic antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation as well as some plasma biochemical parameters in common carp. The results showed that the activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were increased significantly (p < 0.05) after melatonin supplementation, whereas alterations in catalase activity were not significant. Malondildehyde concentrations in erythrocyte hemolysate were decreased significantly as a result of melatonin treatment. Plasma biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease of glucose, cholesterol, albumin and triglyceride, in addition to a significant increase in total protein, AST and ALP values when compared to the control group. However, alterations in creatinine, urea and LDH levels were not significant following melatonin supplementation compared to the control values. These results offer that pharmacological amounts of melatonin effectively improve erythrocytic oxidative status biomarkers and also alter some plasma biochemical parameters in the common carp that some of them may be undesirable. However, more investigations are required to elucidate the pharmacokinetic effects of melatonin and also possible undesirable effects of high doses of this compound.