Detection of sperm in the peritoneal fluid of animals is unusual and has not been reported in the literature. In this report, we describe the presence of sperm cells in the peritoneal fluid of a two-year-old ram. The ram was presented with dyspnea, reduced rumen contractions, a mild degree of dehydration, cyanotic mucosa, difficulty in standing, and anuria. Ancillary diagnostics, including ultrasonography, radiography, complete blood cell count, and abdominocentesis were performed. In the peripheral blood sample, no blood parasites were observed, although thrombocytosis with toxic neutrophilia, and atypical lymphocytes were seen in the blood smear. In radiographs, urolithiasis was confirmed just on the sigmoid flexure position. Ultrasound examination revealed a distended bladder and large amounts of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity. The electrocardiogram analysis showed the absence of P waves, bradycardia, wide QRS complexes, ST-segment elevation, and tented T waves. In the peritoneal fluid smears, a large number of spermatozoa, and increased inflammatory cells were observed. It was concluded that the trauma or rupture in colliculus seminalis, ductus deferens, or the urethra with urinary stones resulted in leakage of spermatozoa to the peritoneal cavity. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of spermatozoa in the peritoneal fluid of large animals.

The seroprevalences of BRSV, BPIV-3, and BAV-3 were studied in the dairy cattle of Fars Province in the south of Iran and their associated risk factors were determined. Serum samples (n = 420) were collected from 36 cattle herds in the northern, central, and southern regions of the study area. Commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to detect antibodies against these viruses. The Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to identify potential risk factors. Antibodies were estimated 100% for all the studied viruses at the herd level and 76.43%, 76.90%, and 92.62% at the animal level for BRSV, BPIV-3, and BAV-3, respectively. In logistic regression analysis, age for all the viruses, season for BPIV-3 and BAV-3, and region and farming type for BAV-3 were significantly related to seroprevalence at the animal level. A significant association of dual infections with studied viruses was identified. The present study demonstrated that BRSV, BPIV-3, and BAV-3 are very prevalent in the dairy herds of southern Iran and highlighted the necessity to establish a control program.

Sex has been reported to influence  the clinical chemistry of several species of fish. Whether sex impacts serum biochemistry composition and electrolyte profile of Heterobranchus longifilis is not well captured in the literature. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of sex on the clinical chemistry composition and electrolyte profile of hybrid catfish, Heterobranchus longifilis. Blood samples were collected and biochemically analyzed. The analytes analyzed included alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, unconjugated bilirubin, serum protein, albumin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and urea. Uric acid, bicarbonate, Chloride, Sodium, and Potassium from 40 healthy Heterobranchus longifilis (20 males and 20 females). The males and females were not reproductively active at the time of sampling (None of the females had eggs). Most clinical chemistry analytes and electrolyte profiles of Heterobranchus longifilis showed differences between male and female values even though only a few (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, triglyceride, and uric acid) were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Based on the findings in this study, we suggest that sexual differences affect the clinical chemistry and electrolyte profile of Heterobranchus longifilis. Hence, sexual differences should be taken into consideration during sampling in both natural and experimental studies in Heterobranchus longifilis.