Evaluation of amitraz against ticks and mites infestation in cattle and sheep in comparison with diazinon and deltamethrin was performed. Amitraz showed over 95 % inhibition of oviposition and hatching of laid eggs at dilution of 1:500 while diazinon and deltamethrin produced around 90 % inhibition of oviposition at the same dilution. Fed ticks were more susceptible for all tested acaricides than the unfed ticks, where amitraz reached its full effectiveness (100 % kill of fed and unfed) 2 weeks after application while diazinon and deltamethrin produced over 90 % at the same dilution. Spraying application of amitraz 12.5 % resulted in 100 % tick control by day 5 and the effect was maintained for further 28 days whereas diazinon and deltamethrin were fully effective by days 9 and 13, respectively and their efficacy were maintained for 16 and 20 days, respectively. Spraying application of amitraz 12.5 % produced 100 % efficacy as no live mites were found on day 17 and maintained in full effectiveness till day 33 where respraying was needed. In conclusion, amitraz produced rapid detachment of ticks from animals; its residual effect was long and protected animals from re-infestation for 29 days and was able to eradicate psoroptes mite infestation in sheep.

The amitraz is widely used in veterinary medicine as an acaricide in small and large animals. Several reports showed that the systemic effects caused by epidural administration of this substance are the result of its interaction with a-2 adrenoceptors. In the present study, the effects of epidurally amitraz (0,1 or 0,4 mg.kg-1) or 10% DMSO (5,0 mL) on the heart rate (HR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), respiratory rate (RR), ruminal motility (RM), rectal temperature (RT), head height (HH), and latency to heat-evoked reflexes (LSPR - skin of perineal region; LHWR - hoof withdrawal reflex) were evaluated. The HR and RM decreased in amitraz groups. There were no statistical differences in RR, SAP and HH among groups. LSPR and LHWR were prolonged in amitraz 0,4 group (T25-T120). We concluded that epidural amitraz does not produce severe systemic effects, and that the higher dose induces prolongation of the latency to heat-evoked reflexes, in cows. | O amitraz possui efeitos sistêmicos resultantes da atividade intrínseca com receptores adrenérgicos do tipo a-2. Nesse estudo, avaliou-se os efeitos das injeções epidurais de amitraz (0,1 e 0,4 mg.kg-1) ou DMSO 10% (5,0 mL) sobre a freqüência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), freqüência respiratória (FR), motilidade ruminal (MR), temperatura retal (TR), altura de cabeça (AC) e as latências da resposta a estímulos nociceptivos nas regiões da coxa (LECC) e coroa do casco (LRRM) de vacas. Houve uma diminuição das variáveis FC e MR nos animais que receberam amitraz. Não houve diferenças significativas na FR, PAS e AC entre os grupos estudados. A LECC e a LRRM foram maiores no grupo amitraz (0,4 mg.kg-1) entre 25 e 120 minutos. Concluiu-se que o amitraz aumenta a latência de resposta a estímulo nociceptivo, sem induzir efeitos colaterais sistêmicos severos nas doses utilizadas, por via epidural em vacas.