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Prevalence of antibodies to Aujeszky’s disease virus in wild boar in Poland, between 2011 and 2014: a retrospective study Full text
2017
Lipowski, Andrzej | Szczotka-Bochniarz, Anna | Pejsak, Zygmunt
Prevalence of antibodies to Aujeszky’s disease virus in wild boar in Poland, between 2011 and 2014: a retrospective study Full text
2017
Lipowski, Andrzej | Szczotka-Bochniarz, Anna | Pejsak, Zygmunt
Introduction: Aujeszky’s disease virus (ADV) infects a wide range of animals, including members of the Suidae family, i.e. domestic and wild pigs, as well as wild boar. Since wild boar are a potential ADV reservoir and a source of infection for domestic pigs, the aim of the study was to evaluate ADV antibody prevalence in the Polish wild boar population, during the years 2011 to 2014. Material and Methods: Wild boar blood samples were collected during three consecutive hunting seasons; i.e. 2011/2012, 2012/2013, and 2013/2014, and tested for ADV antibodies by ELISA. Results: ADV antibodies were detected in samples from all tested voivodships. The average seroprevalence reached 32.2%. Seroprevalence, over the examined hunting seasons, was 27.4% in 2011/2012, 32.4% in 2012/2013, and 35.5% in 2013/2014. The highest percentage of seroreagents was detected in four voivodships, situated along the western border of Poland, i.e. Zachodnio-Pomorskie (ZP), Lubuskie (LB), Dolnośląskie (DS), and Opolskie (OP). This area is positively correlated with the highest density of the wild boar population and the highest wild boar hunting bag. Conclusion: The results of this study confirm that the wild boar population may still pose a threat to domestic pigs, which is of special importance at the final stage of Aujeszky’s disease eradication programme in Poland.
Show more [+] Less [-]Prevalence of antibodies to Aujeszky’s disease virus in wild boar in Poland, between 2011 and 2014: a retrospective study Full text
2017
Lipowski Andrzej | Szczotka-Bochniarz Anna | Pejsak Zygmunt
Introduction: Aujeszky’s disease virus (ADV) infects a wide range of animals, including members of the Suidae family, i.e. domestic and wild pigs, as well as wild boar. Since wild boar are a potential ADV reservoir and a source of infection for domestic pigs, the aim of the study was to evaluate ADV antibody prevalence in the Polish wild boar population, during the years 2011 to 2014.
Show more [+] Less [-]Detection of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ApxIV toxin antibody in serum and oral fluid specimens from pigs inoculated under experimental conditions Full text
2017
González, Wendy | Giménez-Lirola, Luis G. | Holmes, Ashley | Lizano, Sergio | Goodell, Christa | Poonsuk, Korakrit | Sitthicharoenchai, Panchan | Sun, Yaxuan | Zimmerman, Jeffrey
Detection of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ApxIV toxin antibody in serum and oral fluid specimens from pigs inoculated under experimental conditions Full text
2017
González, Wendy | Giménez-Lirola, Luis G. | Holmes, Ashley | Lizano, Sergio | Goodell, Christa | Poonsuk, Korakrit | Sitthicharoenchai, Panchan | Sun, Yaxuan | Zimmerman, Jeffrey
Introduction: The prevention and control of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in commercial production settings is based on serological monitoring. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) have been developed to detect specific antibodies against a variety of A. pleuropneumoniae antigens, including long-chain lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and the ApxIV toxin, a repeats-in-toxin (RTX) exotoxin unique to A. pleuropneumoniae and produced by all serovars. The objective of this study was to describe ApxIV antibody responses in serum and oral fluid of pigs.Material and Methods: Four groups of pigs (six pigs per group) were inoculated with A. pleuropneumoniae serovars 1, 5, 7, or 12. Weekly serum samples and daily oral fluid samples were collected from individual pigs for 56 days post inoculation (DPI) and tested by LPS and ApxIV ELISAs. The ApxIV ELISA was run in three formats to detect immunlgobulins M, G, and A (IgM, IgG and IgA) while the LPS ELISA detected only IgG.Results: All pigs inoculated with A. pleuropneumoniae serovars 1 and 7 were LPS ELISA serum antibody positive from DPI 14 to 56. A transient and weak LPS ELISA antibody response was observed in pigs inoculated with serovar 5 and a single antibody positive pig was observed in serovar 12 at ≥35 DPI. Notably, ApxIV serum and oral fluid antibody responses in pig inoculated with serovars 1 and 7 reflected the patterns observed for LPS antibody, albeit with a 14 to 21 day delay.Conclusion: This work suggests that ELISAs based on ApxIV antibody detection in oral fluid samples could be effective in population monitoring for A. pleuropneumoniae.
Show more [+] Less [-]Detection of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ApxIV toxin antibody in serum and oral fluid specimens from pigs inoculated under experimental conditions Full text
2017
González Wendy | Giménez-Lirola Luis G. | Holmes Ashley | Lizano Sergio | Goodell Christa | Poonsuk Korakrit | Sitthicharoenchai Panchan | Sun Yaxuan | Zimmerman Jeffrey
Introduction: The prevention and control of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in commercial production settings is based on serological monitoring. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) have been developed to detect specific antibodies against a variety of A. pleuropneumoniae antigens, including long-chain lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and the ApxIV toxin, a repeats-in-toxin (RTX) exotoxin unique to A. pleuropneumoniae and produced by all serovars. The objective of this study was to describe ApxIV antibody responses in serum and oral fluid of pigs.
Show more [+] Less [-]Were Polish wild boars exposed to Schmallenberg virus? Full text
2017
Kęsik-Maliszewska, Julia | Jabłoński, Artur | Larska, Magdalena
Were Polish wild boars exposed to Schmallenberg virus? Full text
2017
Kęsik-Maliszewska, Julia | Jabłoński, Artur | Larska, Magdalena
Introduction: A novel to Europe Schmallenberg virus (SBV) causes clinical disease manifested by reproduction disorders in farm ruminants. In free-living ruminants, SBV antibodies as well as the virus were detected. Recent studies also revealed SBV antibodies in wild boars. The study investigates SBV antibodies occurring in wild boars in Poland at the peak of recent virus epidemics in the country.Material and Methods: Samples collected from 203 wild boars culled during the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 hunting season were serologically tested using multi-species cELISA. Attempted neutralisation tests failed due to poor serum quality. RT-PCR was implemented in seropositive and doubtful animals.Results: Two samples collected from wild boar in the winter of 2013 gave a positive result in ELISA, while another two from the 2012/2013 hunting season were doubtful. No SBV RNA was detected in spleen and liver tissues.Conclusion: Low SBV seroprevalence in wild boars, despite high incidence of SBV infections occurring simultaneously in wild ruminants, suggests that boars are unlikely to be a significant reservoir of the virus in the sylvatic environment in Poland.
Show more [+] Less [-]Were Polish wild boars exposed to Schmallenberg virus? Full text
2017
Kęsik-Maliszewska Julia | Jabłoński Artur | Larska Magdalena
Introduction: A novel to Europe Schmallenberg virus (SBV) causes clinical disease manifested by reproduction disorders in farm ruminants. In free-living ruminants, SBV antibodies as well as the virus were detected. Recent studies also revealed SBV antibodies in wild boars. The study investigates SBV antibodies occurring in wild boars in Poland at the peak of recent virus epidemics in the country.
Show more [+] Less [-]Development of a recombinant protein-based ELISA for detection of antibodies against bovine foamy virus Full text
2017
Materniak-Kornas, Magdalena | Osiński, Zbigniew | Rudzki, Marcin | Kuźmak, Jacek
Development of a recombinant protein-based ELISA for detection of antibodies against bovine foamy virus Full text
2017
Materniak-Kornas, Magdalena | Osiński, Zbigniew | Rudzki, Marcin | Kuźmak, Jacek
Introduction: Infections with bovine foamy virus (BFV) were found in many countries but there is a lack of large-scale surveys on the prevalence of BFV among dairy cattle. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the recombinant Gag protein-based ELISA and to estimate the prevalence of antibodies against BFV. Material and Methods: Gag coding region from BFV was cloned into expression vector pT7Arg-STOP, which expressed a high level of recombinant Gag protein from E.coli. The ELISA was standardised, and the cut-off value and sensitivity and specificity of the test were calculated using a receiver operating characteristic and Bayesian estimation. Results: A total of 3,051 serum samples were tested by ELISA and 939 (30.8%) sera were recognised as positive. When Bayesian approach was used, the overall true BFV prevalence was 29.7% (95% CI: 25.9-33.4%). Conclusion: Expressed Gag protein of BFV has been used successfully as an antigen for ELISA. Eventually, this study provides basic information about the epidemiological status of infection with BFV in dairy cattle in Poland, which can be used for further studies on dissemination and transmission of BFV infection.
Show more [+] Less [-]Development of a recombinant protein-based ELISA for detection of antibodies against bovine foamy virus Full text
2017
Materniak-Kornas Magdalena | Osiński Zbigniew | Rudzki Marcin | Kuźmak Jacek
Introduction: Infections with bovine foamy virus (BFV) were found in many countries but there is a lack of large-scale surveys on the prevalence of BFV among dairy cattle. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the recombinant Gag protein-based ELISA and to estimate the prevalence of antibodies against BFV. Material and Methods: Gag coding region from BFV was cloned into expression vector pT7Arg-STOP, which expressed a high level of recombinant Gag protein from E.coli. The ELISA was standardised, and the cut-off value and sensitivity and specificity of the test were calculated using a receiver operating characteristic and Bayesian estimation. Results: A total of 3,051 serum samples were tested by ELISA and 939 (30.8%) sera were recognised as positive. When Bayesian approach was used, the overall true BFV prevalence was 29.7% (95% CI: 25.9-33.4%). Conclusion: Expressed Gag protein of BFV has been used successfully as an antigen for ELISA. Eventually, this study provides basic information about the epidemiological status of infection with BFV in dairy cattle in Poland, which can be used for further studies on dissemination and transmission of BFV infection.
Show more [+] Less [-]Serological survey of the influenza A virus in Polish farrow-to-finish pig herds in 2011–2015 Full text
2017
Czyżewska-Dors, Ewelina | Dors, Arkadiusz | Kwit, Krzysztof | Pejsak, Zygmunt | Pomorska-Mól, Małgorzata
Serological survey of the influenza A virus in Polish farrow-to-finish pig herds in 2011–2015 Full text
2017
Czyżewska-Dors, Ewelina | Dors, Arkadiusz | Kwit, Krzysztof | Pejsak, Zygmunt | Pomorska-Mól, Małgorzata
Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of swine influenza A virus (SIV) in Polish farrow-to-finish pig herds.Material and Methods: Serum samples collected from 5,952 pigs, from 145 farrow-to-finish herds were tested for the presence of antibodies against H1N1, H1N1pdm09, H1N2, and H3N2 SIV subtypes using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Samples with HI titres equal or higher than 20 were considered positive.Results: HI antibodies to at least one of the analysed SIV subtypes were detected in 129 (89%) herds and in 2,263 (38%) serum samples. Antibodies to multiple SIV subtypes were detected in 104 (71.7%) herds and in 996 (16.7%) serum samples. Concerning the seroprevalence rate, according to age category, the highest prevalence of the antibodies was detected in weaners, with regard to the H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2, and in sows, with regard to the H1N1pdm09. The lowest seroprevalence for all evaluated SIV subtypes was detected in finishers.Conclusion: The study indicates that antibodies against single and multiple SIV subtypes are circulating in Polish farrow-to-finish herds and highlights the importance of conducting a molecular surveillance programme in future studies.
Show more [+] Less [-]Serological survey of the influenza A virus in Polish farrow-to-finish pig herds in 2011–2015 Full text
2017
Czyżewska-Dors Ewelina | Dors Arkadiusz | Kwit Krzysztof | Pejsak Zygmunt | Pomorska-Mól Małgorzata
Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of swine influenza A virus (SIV) in Polish farrow-to-finish pig herds.
Show more [+] Less [-]Fasciola and Paramphistomum infections in small ruminants (sheep and goat) in Terengganu Full text
2017
Mursyidah A. K. | Khadijah S. | Rita N.
A study was conducted to identify the current status of Fasciolaand Paramphistomum infections in small ruminants in Terengganu. A total of 267 faecal samples from small ruminants were collected and subjected to sedimentation technique. Serum samples were diagnosed for detection of IgG antibody for Fasciola infection using sELISA method. Results showed that there were 4% of the goats positive with Paramphistomum eggs whereas Fasciola egg was not observed in any of the faecal samples. However, it was found that 89% of the serum samples from goats were positive with IgG antibody for Fasciola infection. Small ruminants in Terengganu were not infected with severe Fasciola and Paramphistomum infections yet the results obtained from this study will update the current status of the infections. This information will help the farmers and the Department of Veterinary Services to plan on management to maintain the animals’ health.
Show more [+] Less [-]Induction of humoral immune response in piglets after perinatal or post-weaning immunization against porcine circovirus type-2 or keyhole limpet hemocyanin Full text
2017
Law, J. | McCorkell, R. | Muench, G. | Wynne-Edwards, K. | Schaetzl, H. M. | Solis, C. | Nourozieh, N. | Waeckerlin, R. | Eschbaumer, M. | Horsman, S. | Czub, M.
The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that porcine circovirus type-2 (PCV2) vaccination is efficacious when administered in the first week of life. Three groups of pigs were vaccinated with Circumvent either early (at the end of week 1), late (at the end of week 4), or not at all. All 3 groups were later challenged intranasally with PCV2 (at the end of week 5). Two other groups were immunized with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) as a novel antigen at the end of either week 1 or week 4. Weight, PCV2 genome copy number in serum and saliva, anti-KLH antibody titer, and serum PCV2-neutralizing antibodies were measured weekly. Early PCV2 vaccination or KLH antigen exposure resulted in earlier humoral responses that were slower to develop than in older piglets, yet converged with the responses to later vaccination within 5 wk. Both groups of vaccinated piglets had periods of higher PCV2-neutralizing antibody titers and lower viral levels shortly after weaning and PCV2 challenge, thus supporting the recent labelling of 1 Canadian PCV2 vaccine for use in week 1 and suggesting that early PCV2 vaccination can reduce piglet handling without compromising vaccine efficacy.
Show more [+] Less [-]Investigation of the Prevalence of Brucella canis in Dogs, Veterinarians and Veterinary Faculty Students in Different Part of Turkey Full text
2017
Bastan, Idil | Bas, Bulent
Canine Brucellosis, the caused by Brucella canis (B. canis), is seen all over the world and the disease is characterized by abortion and infertility. Brucella canis is a zoonotic agent and is transmitted to humans by contact with infected dogs or dog secretions. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of antibodies against Brucella canis in dog serum collected from different provinces of Turkey and the seroprevalence in veterinarians and veterinary faculty students in some of the provinces using Microagglutination Test (MAT). Blood samples collected from 1559 dogs and 225 veterinarians and veterinary faculty students were examined for B. canis antibody titers using MAT method.As a result of the study, B. canis antibody was found to be positive in 12 (0.8%) of 1559 dog serum and in 13 (5.8%) of 225 human serum.5.8% of the B.canis seropositivity we have identified in the risk groups can give an idea of the state of the infection between the Turkish veterinarians and veterinary faculty students.
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