Proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) is caused by avian bornavirus (ABV) has been identified in psittacine, non-psittacine birds and waterfowl. Birds may show signs of gastrointestinal tract deficit or neurological dysfunction or even both. The objectives of this study were to determine the molecular prevalence, risk factors and public awareness of ABV and PDD among captive and non-captive birds in Peninsular Malaysia.

An investigation among fifty each tribal and non-tribal dairy farmers in four dairy dominated development blocks of Cachar district of Assam revealed that, among tribal and non-tribal farmers attitude towards dairy farming, economic motivation and source of motivation for dairy communication were found to have favourable scores with positive and significant correlation with communication behaviour. Regression analysis revealed that source of motivation for dairy communication crucially influenced communication behaviour of dairy farmers. Further, there louid significant difference between the tribal and non-tribal dairy farmers indicating sensitive strategies for dairy development in the area involving the veterinarians.