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Effect of Monoammonium Phosphate on Some Blood Factors, Bone Analysis and Growth Rate of Ornamental Koi Fish (Cyprinus carpio Koi)
2020
Rahmati-Holasoo, Hooman | Hadadi, Ali | Ebrahimzadeh Mousavi, Hosseinali | Taheri Mirghaed, Ali | Sadeghinezhad, Javad
BACKGROUND: Balance in the amount of minerals in the aquatic animal’s diet is very important. Phosphorus is one of the most important minerals in fish and aquatic animal’s nutrition. Phosphorus is important not only for the proper growth and fish health, but also for excessive phosphorus excretion that may cause water pollution and algal bloom. OBJECTIVE: In this study the effects of adding monoammonium phosphate in the diet of fish (Cyprinus carpio Koi) and its comparison with monocalcium phosphate were investigated. METHODS: 650 koi fish weighing 17 g were distributed in 15 tanks (5 treatments - each in three replicates) and mono-ammonium phosphate-fed diets at three levels (0.75, 1.5 and 3% of the diet), monocalcium phosphate in one level (3% of the diet) and a control group (no phosphorus supplementation) were fed for 8 weeks. RESULTS: Growth indices and feed conversion ratio in fish fed 3% monoammonium phosphate showed the best results. The control group showed the lowest weight gain and the highest feed conversion ratio. Blood phosphorus was also significantly correlated with increasing monoammonium phosphate. The highest level of calcium in the blood was observed in the group fed monocalcium phosphate (3%). CONCLUSIONS: Considering the improvement of growth and nutrition indices, adding 1.5 to 3% monoammonium phosphate in the diet of koi fish was suggested.
Show more [+] Less [-]Determination of growth performance, changes of carcass composition and blood parameters in common carp fingerlings (Cyprinus carpio) fed with different levels of vitamin E
2016
Taati, Reza | Ahmadizadeh, Mahboubeh | Valipour, Ali Reza
BACKGROUND: Vitamins are considered an essential part in diet of aquatic animals. OBJECTIVES: This study was carried out to assay the effect of different levels of vitamin E on growth performance, carcass compositions and blood parameters of common carp fingerlings (Cyprinus carpio). METHODS: Total number of 96 common carp fingerlings weighing 15.49 ± 3.64 g were randomly distributed into 12 fiberglass tanks in four treatments group including control (without added vitamin), 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg vitamin E in three replicates and kept at a density of 8 fish per tank for 10 weeks. RESULTS: Results showed that the highest weight gain, percentage of body weight increase, mean daily growth, specific growth rate, condition factor and the lowest food conversation ratio were observed in fish fed with 200mg/kg vitamin E but no significant differences were seen compared to other treatments (p>0.05). Fish fed with 200mg/kg vitamin E had the highest (p>0.05) contents of protein and ash compared to control group. There was an increase in values of RBC, Hct and Hb in fish fed with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg vitamin E in comparison with control group. Significant differences were observed in MCHC in fish fed with 100 mg/kg vitamin E compared to control and fish fed with 400 mg/kg, also treatment 200 mg/kg with treatment 400 mg/kg vitamin E (p<0.05). Fish fed vitamin E in 200 and 100 mg/kg had the highest WBC count. Fish fed with different levels of vitamin E had higher lymphocyte in comparison with control group and fish fed with 100 mg/kg had significant difference with control in lymphocyte (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin E in level of 200 mg/kg can play an important role to enhance growth performance, nutrition efficiency and improving blood indices and support cell immunity in common carp fingerlings.
Show more [+] Less [-]Laboratory reference values for a group of captive Ball pythons (Python regius).
1996
Johnson J.H. | Benson P.A.
Effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine type-2 receptor blockade on pulmonary function in calves with experimentally induced Pasteurella haemolytica pneumonia.
1996
Hare J.E. | Tesarowski D.B. | Dawe G.E. | Vlaminck K. | Shewen P.E. | Viel L.
Blood ionized calcium concentrations in horses before and after the cross-country phase of three-day event competition.
1995
Geiser D.R. | Andrews F.M. | Rohrbach B.W. | White S.L. | Maykuth P.L. | Green E.M. | Provenza M.K.
Blood ionized calcium (Ca2+) and pH; plasma lactate concentrations; and total protein, total calcium (CaT), albumin, and phosphorus concentrations in serum were determined in 40 healthy horses before (T1), at the finish line (T2), and 10 minutes after the finish (T3) of the cross-country phase of a 3-dayevent competition. Mean ( +/- SEM) Ca2+ concentrations decreased from 6.22 +/- 0.04 mg/dl at T1 to 5.04 +/- 0.07 mg/dl at T2 (P less than or equal to 0.05). This decrease was accompanied by a nonsignificant increase in CaT between T1 and T2. The mean (+/- SEM) percent ionization of calcium decreased significantly (P less than or equal to 0.05), from 50.9 +/- 2.75% at T1 to 40.3 +/- 3.58% at T2. Significant increases in mean albumin, total protein, phosphorus, and lactate concentrations and a significant decrease in mean pH were observed at T2 (P less than or equal to 0.05). At T3, mean Ca2+ and percent ionization had increased, but remained significantly less than resting values. Mean CaT was significantly decreased at T3, compared with values at T1 and T2. Correlation of mean Ca2+ concentration with all other measured variables at each time was evaluated; correlation coefficients between mean Ca2+ and all other variables were low (r2 less than or equal to 0.38), indicating low biological significance.
Show more [+] Less [-]Linkage of serum resistance, aerobactin production, and resistance to antimicrobial agents on conjugal plasmids in some strains of Escherichia coli isolated from septic foals.
1993
Hirsh D.C. | Kirkham C. | Wilson W.D.
Fifteen isolates of Escherichia coli obtained from the blood and tissues of septic foals had plasmid DNA of size ranging from 2.5 to 93 megadaltons. These isolates grew in normal equine serum (serum resistant), a trait previously documented to be expressed by isolates obtained from blood and tissues of septic foals, but not by isolates obtained from the feces of clinically normal horses. Of these isolates, 3 contained conjugal plasmids that encoded resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents linked to serum resistance and, in 1 isolate, to production of aerobactin as well. Serum resistance and production of aerobactin are related to virulence of septicemic E coli from non-equine sources.
Show more [+] Less [-]Evaluation of hemorheologic variables as implications for exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in racing Thoroughbreds.
1992
McClay C.B. | Weiss D.J. | Smith C.M. II | Gordon B.
Hematologic and rheologic changes were examined in 49 Thoroughbreds before and after competitive racing. Mean postrace values for RBC count, hemoglobin concentration, and PCV increased by 58 to 61%, whereas blood viscosity increased 2 to 3 times. Postrace echinocyte numbers were 162% greater than prerace values. Smaller, but statistically significant, changes were found for mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, red cell distribution width, plasma total protein concentration, total WBC count, neutrophil count, and lymphocyte count. Variables measured did not predict whether a horse was a bleeder not treated with furosemide, a bleeder treated with furosemide, or a nonbleeder.
Show more [+] Less [-]Characterization of lectin-binding lymphocytes in goats with caseous lymphadenitis.
1986
Hedden J.A. | Thomas C.M. | Songer J.G. | Olson G.B.
Pharmacokinetics of amikacin in pony foals after a single intramuscular injection.
1986
Brown M.P. | Gronwall R.R. | Martinez D.S. | Beal C.
In vitro transformation of lymphocytes from blood and milk of cows with subclinical paratuberculosis.
1986
Elsken L.A. | Nonnecke B.J.