In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there were studied circadian rhythms of some haemotological and biochemical blood indexes of clinically healthy calves and calves with a respiratory syndrome. There was analyzed the efficiency of administration a new complex mineral preparation CMP for correction of internal desynchronoses in complex therapy of calves with respiratory pathologies. Diseases of calves with a respiratory syndrome were accompanied by infringements of circadian fluctuations rhythm (internal desynchronosis) of haemotological and biochemical blood indexes. Application of an antimicrobial preparation Ampicillin for treatment of respiratory diseases of calves promoted the recovery of calves. Introduction of CМP preparation into therapeutic regimen of calves with respiratory syndrome proved to be rather effective; it promoted the correction of metabolic desynchronoses which accompanied the basic disease. Combined application of CМP and Ampicillin made it possible to speed up the clinical recovery of calves and on 30% to prevent animal mortality.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was studied the formation of nonspecific protection factors of the first year foals. By a principle of conditional analogues there was generated a group of clinically healthy foals at which monthly from bulbar veins there were taken tests of blood for hematological and biochemical analysis. From the obtained data it was visible, that within the first year of foal life there were taking place the processes of formation of nonspecific protection factors of an organism which were accompanied by a gradual increasing of quantity of erythrocytes, haemoglobin, leukocytes, certain change in the diagramme, and also increasing of bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum. However, at seven-month age there was marked a considerable decrease in number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, concentration of haemoglobin, bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum is marked, in leukogram share reduction of segmented neutrophils, and at the same time, the content of eosinocytes and lymphocytes increased. It testified the decreasing of protective forces of an organism during this period. Consequently, the seventh month in the postnatal period of foal life proved to be the most critical.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was realized a comparative studying of immune reactivity of broiler chickens immunized against Marek's disease by means of vaccines of Russian production. In course of the study it was established, that in broiler chickens vaccinated against Marek's disease (by means of cultural dry viral vaccine on the basis a virus of herpes of turkeys FS-126 and by liquid bivalent cultural virus vaccine Bimarek on the basis of strains of a herpes virus of turkeys and a herpes virus of hens) the revealed morphological changes in immune system organs of did not essentially differ and testified to the development of intense postvaccinal immunity. Economic efficiency of immunization of broiler chicken against Marek's disease under production conditions made 4,87 and 2,94 Belarusian roubles per 1 rouble of expenses, respectively. | Целью исследования явилось сравнительное изучение иммунной реактивности организма цыплят-бройлеров, иммунизированных против болезни Марека вакцинами российского производства. В ходе исследований установлено, что у цыплят-бройлеров, вакцинированных против болезни Марека культуральной сухой вирусвакциной из вируса герпеса индеек ФС-126 и жидкой бивалентной культуральной вирусвакциной Бимарек из штаммов вируса герпеса индеек и вируса герпеса кур выявленные морфологические изменения в органах иммунной системы существенно не отличаются и свидетельствуют о выработке напряженного поствакцинального иммунитета. Экономическая эффективность иммунизации цыплят против болезни Марека в производственных условиях составляет 4,87 и 2,94 рубля на 1 рубль затрат соответственно.

Data confirming a significant influence of potato (Solanum tuberosum) variety on increasing the efficiency on potato growing was analyzed in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. A method for erythrocyte fixation intended for hemagglutination inhibition test through the use of 50% solutions of formalin (the identical volume of the isotonic solution of sodium chloride was added to 40% solution of formaldehyde). Fixing of erythrocytes was spent at room temperature within 48 hours with the subsequent six-fold washing up by their sterile isotonic solution of sodium chloride by means of centrifuging. Stabilized by the presented method erythrocytes were stored at 4 deg С up to one year (supervision term) in course of which they were completely suitable as a component of reaction with preservation of its sensitivity and specificity. Thus, as a result of realized research there were made the following conclusions: for fixation of erythrocytes, intended for statement of hemagglutination inhibition test it was possible to use a solution of formaldehyde. Fixed in such a way erythrocytes preserved the capability for hemagglutination by influenza virus in the hemagglutination inhibition reaction in course of one year. Arrangement of hemagglutination inhibition reaction by means of application of fixed erythrocytes made it possible to realize an authentic serological diagnostics of pig influenza. | Способ стабилизации эритроцитов, предназначенных для постановки реакции задержки (торможения) гемагглютинации, основан на фиксации полученных из крови эритроцитов равным объемом 50%-ного раствора формалина (к 40%-ному раствору формальдегида добавляют одинаковый объем изотонического раствора натрия хлорида). Фиксация эритроцитов проводится при комнатной температуре в течение 48 часов с последующим шестикратным отмыванием их стерильным изотоническим раствором натрия хлорида путем центрифугирования. Стабилизированные таким образом эритроциты хранят при 4 градусах по Цельсию до одного года (срок наблюдения), в течение которого они полностью пригодны в качестве компонента реакции с сохранением ee чувствительности и специфичности. Таким образом, в результате исследований сделаны следующие выводы: Для фиксации эритроцитов, предназначенных для постановки реакции задержки (торможения) гемагглютинации возможно использование раствора формальдегида. Фиксированные таким образом эритроциты сохраняют способность к гемагглютинации вирусом гриппа в реакции задержки гемагглютинации в течение одного года. Постановка реакции задержки гемагглютинации с использованием фиксированных эритроцитов дает возможность достоверной серологической диагностики гриппа свиней.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was studied the activity of hepatic specific enzymes of blood serum of bull calves of black-and-white breed in course of application of various doses of zinc-containing preparations. Application of zinc-containing preparations led to multidirectional change of activity of hepatic specific serum enzymes. Application of Zinkovet preparation in dose of 1,8 g/100 kg of live weight made it possible to essentially grade the indexes of hepatic tissue affect. In the experimental group at animals there was marked the lowering in activity alanine-aminotransferase, serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. At the same time, there was noted the increasing of zinc-containing enzymes activity (sorbitol dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase). All these processes were caused by zinc inclusion into the metabolic process.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was studied the efficiency of application of forage chemical preservatives Kormoplyus-1, Kormoplyus-2, and Kormoplyus-3 for grass fodder conservation. The analyzed preservatives contained acetous acid, urotropine and sodium acetate (only in Kormoplus-2). In course of the study there were established experimental batches with the studied sreservative; there was determined a chemical composition of prepared forages; in physiological and scientifical and economic experiment there was analyzed the feeding efficiency of cereal ensilage. Research results showed that application of preservatives Kormoplyus-1 and Kormoplyus-2 2 for preparation of cereal ensilage made it possible to receive a high quality ensilage and to increase the dry matter safety on 4,2-8,7% and protein on 12-9,4% on comparison with storage without preservatives. Also, it made it possible to increase the digestibility of dry matter in cattle diets respectively on 5.5% and3.7%; organic substance - on 5.5% and 4.0%; fibre - on 16,5% and 15,0%, and also to increase nitrogen deposition on 17,4 and 20,8%. Feeding with forages preserved with Kormoplyus-1 and 2 did not render negative influence on a health state and biochemical indices of animal blood.

As a result of realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus research it was revealed that application of immunostimulative drugs of sodium thyosulphate and vitamin С (ascorbic acid) in combination with a vaccine against salmonellosis, pasteurellosis and streptococcosis of pigs promoted the statistically authentic increasing of leukocytes, absolute quantity of T- and B-lymphocytes content in peripheral blood. Also, it promoted the activation of phagocytic activity and digested ability of neutrophils; activization of mieloblastic hemopoiesis and decreasing of erythrocytopoiesis; activization of morphological reactions in a tissue at a place of administration of the vaccine, lymphatic nodules and spleen. | Проведенные исследования показали, что применение иммуностимуляторов натрия тиосульфата и витамина С с вакциной против сальмонеллеза, пастереллеза и стрептококкоза свиней способствует статистически достоверному повышению в периферической крови содержания лейкоцитов, абсолютного количества Т- и В-лимфоцитов, активизации фагоцитарной активности и перевариваемой способности нейтрофилов; активизации миелобластического кроветворения и снижению эритропоэза; активизации морфологических реакций в ткани на месте введения вакцины, лимфоузлах и селезенке.

Research on determination of changes of morphological and biochemical blood indexes of sheep with fasciolosis after application of the drug Klozantsid (menizol 20%, produced in the Republic of Belarus) was carried out. The research realized in the conditions of the Scientific and Research Institute of Applied Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology of the Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine. In course of the experiment there were used sheep of Romanovskaya breed at the age from 1,5 till 5 years which were spontaneously infected with fasciola. The experimental animals were administrated with the examined antihelminthic preparation. It was found out that after administration of the preparation there was stated the restoration of a level of erythrocytes, haemoglobin, leukocytes, enzymes, proteins and other blood indexes. Klozantsid did not render toxic influence on studied animals. | Проведены исследования по выяснению изменений морфологических и биохимических показателей крови у овец с фасциолёзной инвазией при применении препарата Клозанцид. Исследования проводили в условиях клиники и лаборатории кафедры паразитологии и инвазионных болезней, лаборатории кафедры клинической диагностики, научно-исследовательского института прикладной ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии учреждения образования «Витебская ордена «Знак Почёта» государственная академия ветеринарной медицины». Объектом исследования являлись овцы романовской породы в возрасте от 1,5 до 5 лет, спонтанно зараженные фасциолами, которым применяли испытуемый препарат, обладающий антигельминтными свойствами. При этом выяснено, что после введения препарата происходит восстановление уровня эритроцитов, гемоглобина, лейкоцитов, ферментов, белков и других показателей. Клозанцид не оказывал токсического влияния на организм животного.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was determined the parasitizing influence of Oesophagostomum and their larvae on a metabolism of experimentally infested animals. In course of the study there were generated experimental and control groups of two-month old piglets. Animals of the experimental group were infested in a dose of 15000 invasion larvae per one kg of body weight. Animals of the control group were not infested. Infestation was realized through a mouth with invasion larvae with wet forage. Invasion larvae received by cultivation of excrement tests from infested pigs at temperature of 24 deg C. As a result of the realized research it was established, that Oesophagostomum invasion rendered a substantial influence on the experimental animals. At bimestrious pigs after the experimental infection with Oesophagostomum larvae there were stated the following changes: the disease on 4-30th day was characterized by frustration of function of a gastroenteric path - diarrhea, fever, anaemia, and in the subsequent - stagnation and juvenilism of animals. Oesophagostomum in a host organism caused the pathological changes of haemotological and biochemical blood value which were expressed in quantity decrease of erythrocytes, concentration of haemoglobin, leucocytosis. Eosinophilia was observed in a leukogram. In blood serum there was stated the lowering of crude protein and its fractions content; gradually, but authentically there was noted the increasing of activity serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase. Bactericidal and lysozymic activity of blood serum decreased. Activity of alkaline phosphatase increased.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was studied the influence of herbal infusion, tincture, liquid and dry extracts of elecampane (Inula helenium) on morphological and biochemical indexes of pig blood. In course of the study it was established, that preparative forms of elecampane stimulated the formation of blood corpuscle, and also increased of the hemoglobin level in blood of pigs. Administration of elecampane preparations did not cause any authentic changes in blood leukogram of swine; all indicators were within normal limits. Elecampane preparations did not cause changes on the part of biochemical blood indexes of and did not influence the activity of enzymes. Research results showed that herbal infusion, tincture, liquid and dry extracts of elecampane did not render negative influence on swine.