Heat stress is major concern for maintaining optimum production in livestock. The improvement of productivity in dairy animals, exposed to adverse environmental conditions, is primarily focused on improving the microclimate and nutritional management of the animals. The experiment was conducted on three groups of animals comprising six adult buffaloes in each group. Two groups were exposed to heat stress in the psychrometric chamber (40oC), the third group was kept under ambient conditions as control. One of the exposed groups was offered ascorbic acid (20g/day/animal). The blood samples were taken at every 4th day up to 16th day. Samples were analyzed for the total plasma protein and plasma albumin. Results showed that as the days of exposure progressed, the level of stress increased which is evident from the elevated level of total proteins. When compared with the ascorbic acid supplemented group (7.28±0.09 gm/dl), the non-supplemented group had higher protein content (7.93±0.13 gm/dl). There was significant difference (P 0.05) in protein levels among the groups. The level of albumin also followed the same pattern as that of total protein but in heat stressed (2.42±0.17gm/ dl) and ascorbic acid supplemented animals (2.41±0.19 gm/dl), the globulin levels declined as compared to group kept at ambient conditions (2.79±0.33 gm/dl). Further, the Albumin:Globulin ratio was significantly (P 0.05) higher in heat stressed animals (2.78±0.43) and ascorbic acid supplemented animals (2.19±0.30) as compared to control group (1.61±0.37). It can be concluded that ascorbic acid supplementation would be beneficial to buffalo producers of the arid/ semi-arid regions in amelioration of stress challenge imposed by the harsh weather.

Eight female piglets from each of three farrowed crossbred (75% Hampshire x 25% Local) gilts grouped as A, B and C were weaned at 28, 42 and 56 days respectively. Piglets of each weaned groups were divided into two sub-groups _ 'a' and 'b' consisting of 4 piglets in each. Piglets of sub-groups _ 'a' were supplemented with strategic mineral mixture while the piglets of sub-group 'b' were offered commercial mineral mixture. There was significant (P0.01) rise of serum oestradiol-17â at the pubertal oestrus compared to the levels before puberty in gilts. Oestradiol concentration did not differ significantly among piglets weaned at different days of age and between piglets supplemented with strategic and commercial mineral mixture. Serum progesterone was lowest during oestrus and highest on day 10 of the oestrus cycle in all the groups. Progesterone concentration in the piglets weaned at different days of age did not differ significantly. However, the level was found significantly (P 0.05) high in piglets supplemented with strategic mixture over the piglets supplemented with commercial mineral mixture.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was studied the formation of nonspecific protection factors of the first year foals. By a principle of conditional analogues there was generated a group of clinically healthy foals at which monthly from bulbar veins there were taken tests of blood for hematological and biochemical analysis. From the obtained data it was visible, that within the first year of foal life there were taking place the processes of formation of nonspecific protection factors of an organism which were accompanied by a gradual increasing of quantity of erythrocytes, haemoglobin, leukocytes, certain change in the diagramme, and also increasing of bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum. However, at seven-month age there was marked a considerable decrease in number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, concentration of haemoglobin, bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum is marked, in leukogram share reduction of segmented neutrophils, and at the same time, the content of eosinocytes and lymphocytes increased. It testified the decreasing of protective forces of an organism during this period. Consequently, the seventh month in the postnatal period of foal life proved to be the most critical.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was studied the pathology and biology of cattle capillariasis. Capillariosis invasion rendered a substantial invasion on blood morphological composition which was revealed in lowering of erythrocytes and hematoglobulin, as well as in increasing of leukocytes quantity. There was noted the lowering of the natural resistance and immune reactivity. There were stated substantial deviations in protein metabolism which was expressed in lowering of total protein, quantity of albumins, changing of albumin and globulin coefficient, increasing of globulins. In the conditions of blood biochemical analysis of infesrated animals there was stated a disorder of vitamin and mineral metabolism; increasing of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase enzymes activity. Development of Capillaria bovis was realized in a direct line. In the natural habitat development of Capillaria bovis eggs varied from two up to three months.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there were determined types of transferrins of 46-day old broiler chickens and their relation with indexes characterizing ferrum transport fund. In broilers of Smena-2 cross there were stated four transferrin phenotypes, which revealed at a electrophoregram in a form of two fractions with various mobility and intensity. The quantity of the found out phenotypes should be considered as a minimum one because it was possible to find out the infrequent forms only after realization of a very big number of research studies (for example, occurrence of some phenotypes can be 1:1000 and even lower). Perfection of electrophoresis techniques or application of other carriers (for example, polyacrylamide gel) can also increase a number of phenotypes owing to high resolving power and division of homogeneous transferrin fraction into several sub-factions. The type of transferrin actually did not render influence on the content of haemin proteins, while the indices of ferrum transport fund showed out such kind of dependence. Taking into account that total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was caused by transferrin presence in blood serum, the distinction in this indicator characterized both the transferrin content, and its transport possibilities in relation to iron. The highest content of total iron and TIBC was observed at a slow phenotype of CD tranferrin type (formed by fractions with the least mobility). Fast type of tranferrin АВ (formed by the most mobile fractions) had high enough content of the totaliron but possessed the least iron-binding ability that specifies to the worst performance capabilities of transportation of iron ions. Taking into consideration the transferrin value in formation of antibacterial immunity, it is possible to assume, that broilers with phenotype СD should be more resistant to infections.