Boophilus microplus engorged females stored at 4 C for up to 5 days and females kept at room temperature for 1 day and then at 4 C for 1 day showed no significant differences in their response to an organophosphate (dioxathion) as determined by the Drummond adult test

Objective--To evaluate the efficacy of coumaphos, an organophosphate (OP) acaricide, at concentrations up to 2 times higher than the highest concentration required by the US Eradication Program against all stages of an OP-resistant strain of Boophilus microplusin experimentally infested cattle. Animals--16 tick-naïve 200-kg female Hereford calves. Procedure--Four groups of cattle (4 calves/group) were all infested with Boophilus ticks 3 times before treatment. Each group was treated with coumaphos as follows: group 1, at 0.165% active ingredient (AI); group 2, at 0.299% AI; group 3, at 0.566% AI; and group 4, not treated. Following treatment, ticks were collected for 21 days. Ticks collected 1 to 7, 8 to 14, and 15 to 21 days after treatment were considered adults, nymphs, and larvae, respectively, at time of treatment. Results--Overall control at 0.165, 0.299, and 0.566% AI was 52.9, 75.8, and 89.7%, respectively. Control of adults ranged from 4.3% at 0.165% AI to 73.5% at 0.566% AI. Control of nymphs ranged from 60.6% at 0.165% AI to 97.3% at 0.566% AI. Control of larvae was > 98% at all coumaphos concentrations. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance--All coumaphos concentrations failed to provide acceptable control for use in the US Eradication Program against OPresistant ticks. Treatment was least effective against adults and most effective against larvae. Even at 0.566% AI (2 times higher than required by the US Eradication Program), ticks were not eradicated, placing the United States at risk from dispersing cattle harboring viable ticks to uninfested areas.

Babesia occultans n. sp. originally obtained from engorged female Hyalomma marginatum rufipes collected from cattle in Northern Transvaal, transmission studies in laboratory strain of ticks and splenectomized cattle, morphological, serological, and cross-immunity studies distinguished parasite as previously undescribed species highly infective for H. marginatum rufipes but of low virulence in cattle, unsuccessful attempt to transmit transovarially with Boophilus microplus

Boophilus microplus, B. annulatus, Hereford heifers (exper.), permethrin or fenvalerate applied as sprays, both pyrethroids could provide adequate reduction in control programs however both acaricides failed to provide the necessary reduction to achieve complete elimination

tick infestations did not cause suppressed immune responses to Anaplasma marginale vaccination in calves, anaplasmosis did not prevent calves from developing resistance to tick reinfestation which was accompanied by immediate hypersensitivity reactions against homologous tick extracts, Dermacentor albipictus did not seem to share common antigenic determinants with Boophilus microplus

Amblyomma hebraeum, purification procedure used to obtain pure toxic components of tick eggs, characterization of toxin structure, histopathologic lesions observed in guinea pigs inoculated with egg extract or purified toxin, lesions in guinea pigs inoculated with crude egg extracts of 3 other ticks were histopathologically similar

Existem relativamente poucos trabalhos sobre ecologia e comportamento das larvas de Boophilus microplus na pastagem, tendo sido este o principal objetivo do presente trabalho. Foram monitoradas seis repetições no inverno de 1998 e seis no verão de 1998/1999. As larvas foram acondicionadas em 20 seringas plásticas adaptadas e disponibilizadas em pasto constituído pela gramínea Brachiaria decumbens, na Embrapa Gado de Leite, em Juiz de Fora, estado de Minas Gerais, permitindo sua dispersão. Foram realizadas três observações diárias, três vezes por semana. Verificou-se que o tempo que as larvas levam para alcançar as extremidades da gramínea é condicionado principalmente pela temperatura. No verão, as larvas formam agrupamentos menores e menos ativos do que no inverno. Este comportamento sugere minimizar o superaquecimento e aumentar a ventilação, economizando energia. As migrações horizontal e vertical ocorrem como estratégia comportamental contra a ação direta dos raios solares.

The Boophilus microplus tick poses great economic and cattle health problems that causes annual costs of one billion dollars in Brazil. The current study sought to investigate preoviposition stage of B. microplus in natural conditions. A total of 300 engorged female ticks were used, in each of the Winter of 1998 and the Summer of 1998/1999, at the Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil. On cloudy and humid days, engorged female traveled very little, while at temperatures of less than 15ºC and relative humidity of 95%, they were practically stationary. They did not travel at night or during rainfall. They traveled in a similar way in the Winter and in the Summer, laying almost the same amount of eggs (being 0.12 g and 0.11 g, respectively). | O carrapato B. microplus possui grande importância econômico-sanitária, causando prejuízo anual de um bilhão de dólares no Brasil segundo o Ministério da Agricultura. Utilizou-se um total de 300 fêmeas ingurgitadas com seis repetições no inverno de 1998 e seis no verão de 1998/1999. A fêmea pode se deslocar desde o momento em que cai do hospedeiro até o início da oviposição, o que é influenciado pela luminosidade, temperatura e cobertura vegetal. Em dias nublados e úmidos, as fêmeas deslocam-se muito pouco, enquanto em temperaturas abaixo de 15ºC e com umidade de 95%, elas praticamente não se movem. Não se movem à noite ou com chuva e deslocam-se de maneira semelhante no inverno e no verão, produzindo quantidade de ovos também semelhantes (inverno: 0,12g e verão: 0,11g).