In Peninsular Malaysia, footand-mouth disease (FMD) has been reported since early 1860 which then became sporadic, causing outbreaks every year. Since then, Peninsular Malaysia has become endemic with FMD. The aim of this study is to provide findings of the current FMD occurrence and its serotyping in Peninsular Malaysia. An identification of Foot and Mouth Disease serotype was carried out in Peninsular Malaysia by the Regional Veterinary Laboratory Kota Bharu (RVLKB) only. Epithelial tissue samples were received from 10 states throughout Peninsular Malaysia from 2012 until 2016. Indirect sandwich ELISA was performed using ELISA kit for FMDV antigen detection supplied from the Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory. All findings and results in this paper were based on samples received by RVLKB and does not reflect overall cases reported to State DVS or to DVS Malaysia. From the results, 2013 had the highest samples positive for FMDV (35% from 43 samples), followed by 2014 (31% from 80 samples), 2012 (24% from 122 samples), 2015 (21% from 39 samples) and the lowest is 2016 (17% from 194 samples). The FMDV serotypes detected throughout 2012 to 2016 from 110 positive samples were Serotype O (80%), followed by Serotype A (20%) and none from Serotype Asia 1. Strict regulation, FMD vaccine evaluation by LPB ELISA and strict animal movement shall be considered to achieve FMD free for upcoming Year 2020.

A total of 65 Pasteurella multocida were isolated and identified from various animal’s samples received by Veterinary Research Institute (VRI) during the period of 2014 to 2016. These animals comprises of cattle, goat, pig, chicken, duck and rabbit. The serogroup of Pasteurella multocida were carried out using designation system of Carter’s capsular typing and molecular serogrouping method. Based on cases submitted to VRI, the prevalence of pasteurellosis in Malaysia ranging from 1.0% to 3.2% (2014 to 2016). It is low compared to previous reports and the pattern of predominant serogroups and animal hosts were found to be changing every year. In 2014, 80% (12/15) of the isolates were Pasteurella multocida Carter’s type D where all were isolated from goats. In 2015, the predominant serogroup changed to Pasteurella multocida Carter’s type A with a prevalence rate of 40.6% (13/32) which were mostly isolated from duck and cattle. While for Pasteurella multocida Carter’s type D, the prevalence in 2015 reduced to 21.9% (7/32) compared to the previous year and it was isolated from various animal species. Interestingly, in 2015 there was one isolate of Pasteurella multocida Carter’s type B isolated from goat with no reported history of outbreak. In 2016, the prevalence of Pasteurella multocida Carter’s type A increased to 72.2% (13/18), with a high percentage (92.3%) infection in young calves showing clinical signs with high mortality and morbidity in infected farms. Furthermore, during these 3 years of study, 3 isolates of Pasteurella multocida serogroup F were also identified each from pig, goat and chicken, respectively. In conclusion, this study revealed that pasteurellosis had become sporadic in Malaysia and the distribution of serogroups were diverse in all species of animal with no definitive host.