The relationship of serum complement activity and bacteriostatic activity was investigated in male guinea pigs given aflatoxin and/or rubratoxin. In experiment 1, guinea pigs were given 0.6 mg of aflatoxin/kg of body weight, PO, once. In experiment 2, guinea pigs were given 0.02 mg of aflatoxin/kg, PO, and/or 8 mg of rubratoxin, PO, 11 times. Aflatoxin (0.02 mg/kg) had no effect given alone, but potentiated the effect of rubratoxin. In both experiments, changes in complement activity were accompanied by similar but not always significant (P less than 0.05) changes in bacteriostatic activity of serum. Guinea pigs given 0.06 mg of aflatoxin/kg had significant (P less than 0.05) changes in complement titers and in serum alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase activities. Guinea pigs given repeated oral doses of aflatoxin and/or rubratoxin had changes in complement titers, bacteriostasis, and alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase activities, but not in alanine aminotransferase activities. Significant differences were detected only when average values for all guinea pigs given rubratoxin or rubratoxin with aflatoxin were compared with average values for guinea pigs not given rubratoxin.

In order to evaluate the effects of the cell-mediated immunity of the animal in the chronic diseases the guinea pigs and rabbits were inoculated with Mycobacterium bovis. After 6 weeks these animals were sensitized and challenged with 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene. The cutaneous reactions observed in these animal species were similar each other. Macroscopic and microscopic responses in the animal experimentally infected with M. bovis were markedly reduced compared to those in the control animals

Nine strains of Yersinia species isolated from pigs and dogs in Korea, comprising 5 strains of Yersinia enterocolitica, 2 strains of Y. kristensenii and each strain of Y. pseudo-tuberculosis and Y. intermedia, were examined for the presence of virulence-associated plasmids, calcium dependency and provocation of guinea pig conjunctivitis (Sereny test). Three strains of Y. enterocolitica isolated from pigs were positive in calcium dependency and harbored one plasmid of about 45 megadalton, but negative in Sereny test

In order to measure in vitro cell-mediated immunity in the guinea pigs sensitized with the killed bacilli of Mycobacterium bovis (AN5), M avium (serotype 2), M tuberculosis and M intracellulare (serotype 8), leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test was established using the antigens of purified protein derivatives (PPD) tuberculin. By using LAI test, specificity of cell-mediated immune responses of the guinea pigs inoculated with various Mycobacterium spp was investigated, and comparison between values of LAI and skin test was also made to evaluate the specificity of the newly designed test. The optimal concentration of PPD antigens for LAI test was 1 to 2mg per ml of medium. When the leukocytes of guinea pigs sensitized with both M bovis (AN5) and M avium (serotype 2) for 2 to 8 weeks were incubated with homologous or heterologous PPD antigens, mean values of LAI test were 61.2 +- 11.2 and 65.6 +- 5.1 % in homologous PPD antigens respectively, while 30.0 +- 3.7 and 32.8 +- 5.7 % in heterologous PPD antigens, showing the prominently high value of LAI in the homologous system (p0.01). When the leukocytes of guinea pigs sensitized with both M tuberculosis and M intracellulare (serotype 8) for 2 to 8 weeks were incubated with homologous and heterologous PPD antigens, mean values of LAI test were 67.9 +- 2.9 and 66.9 +- 5.0 % in homologous PPD antigens, while 27.4 +- 7.4 and 24.4 +- 7.1 % in heterologous PPD antigens, showing the prominently high value of LAI in the homologous system (p0.01). Comparing with the specificity of LAI and skin tests on the basis of the value obtained from the homologous system, deviation of reaction was revealed to be 49.5 to 100.2 in LAI test, and -15,9 to 52.0 in skin test

An experiment was conducted to measure the cellular immune response in guinea pigs by sensitizing the animals with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). The guinea pigs could be sensitizing with one application of DNCB. The sensitizing and challenge dose was standardized. The histological response was characteristic of a delayed hypersensitivity reaction