Research results showed that in the conditions of correct organization and application of technological methods of livestock breeding and feeding it was possible to achieve high livability rate of sheep and lambs up to 90%. Also it was possible to get a substantial break of infection chain of many sheep diseases (especially those which had a respiratory nature). Research results showed that simultaneous application of convalescent-phase serum against sheep acute respiratory diseases, as well as Nitox 200 and Invamek for treatment of sheep and especially 2-3 month old lambs with respiratory infectious diseases promoted the recovery of 80-100% of animals.

In the conditions of immunization of swine by experimental produced at Vitebsk Biofactory in the Republic of Belarus vaccines in blood of experimental swine there stated the morphological changes which pointed to formation of immune response.

After immunization of 30-35 day old piglets against a salmonellosis, pasteurellosis and streptococcosis (SPS) with special produced in the Republic of Belarus SPS vaccine in combination with immunostimulant sodium thyosulfate and vitamin C there was observed an activation myeloblastic hemopoiesis and lowering of erythropoeisis.

Results of studying the local of irritating properties of preparative forms of marsh cinquefoil (Comarum palustre) which were intended for treatment of parasitic of diseases of animals, namely, strongylatosis of gastro-intestinal tract of sheep and calves realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus were presented. Preparative forms of Comarum palustre (liquor, tincture, liquid extract and powder) had poorly expressed irritating properties after application into skin of animals and weak irritating action, excluding native forms of tincture and liquid extract on mucous coat eye, that confirms their low toxicity action as a whole on organism of animals.

Development of a new national preparation for the preventive maintenance of cow mastitis, fissures of milking tubes skin of cow udder was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. The preparation Maz' Solnechnaya ("Unguent Solnechnaya") did not contain antibiotics, hormones and other synthetic components. Natural components of a preparation provide long anti-inflammatory action, stimulate local blood circulation, regeneration of epidermis and accelerate processes of healing of microtraumas. Besides it possesses high efficiency at preventive maintenance of mastitises at cows.

Definition of quality parameters and chemical composition of feeds, evaluation their nutritional value and composing on this basis optimal rations for high productive animals are the most significant conditions for their health and production. More often metabolism disorders registers in the conditions of intensive animal production, at high dairy efficiency and intensive fattening. At animals at disorder of key parameters of technology (unbalanced feeding, hypodynamia, lack of insolation) is broken metabolism, decreases natural resistance, goes down quality of production that conducts to disease, premature culling and to the compelled slaughter of animals. On frequency these diseases occupy on the average 10% from all noncontagious diseases, and on dairy complexes with industrial technology and in specialized feeding economy at intensive cultivation on their share it is necessary over 30% of a noncontagious pathology. Today the control of rations on such indicators, as dry matter level, quantity of exchange energy, the maintenance of a crude and digested protein, amino acids, sugars, starch, cellulose, fat, macro-and microelements, vitamins, and also sugar-energy-protein and calcium-phosphoric parities, acid-base balance has got special value. The lack of those or other nutrients causes infringement of a clinical condition of animals and reduces their efficiency. Among the most widespread diseases of the animals registered in animal industry: cattle ketosis, osteodystrophy, endemic struma, hypomagnesiemia tetany, pasturable tetany, microelementosis, hypovitaminoses A and Е.

Comparative evaluation of the influence of cell-free probiotic preparation Laktimet and cellular probiotic Bifilak on productivity, livability, nonspecific response of suckling piglets in the early extrauterine life was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus.Application of both probiotics increased the productivity of suckling pigs, stimulated the processes of metabolism and natural protection of organism in the early postnatal period in the conditions of specialized pig breeding complexes. Research results showed, that application of brand new cell-free probiotic Laktimet exercised higher influence on suckling pigs. Application of Laktimet made it possibler to increase piglets body weight gain on 7,8%; piglet livability - on 6,7%; and application cellular probiotic preparation Bifilak - on 5,4% and 3,3%, respectively. The same tendency was noted during the analysis of indexes of cellular factors of organism protection. Bactericidal activity of blood serum of experimental animals changed both in connection with age, and under influence of probiotic preparations. During all studied periods the bactericidal activity of blood serum was authentically (P less than 0,05) above in experimental groups in comparison with a control group. At 20-days old piglets there was stated the strengthening of bactericidal activity of blood serum. Throughout all period of experiment the superiority of trial animals over control on indicators of lysozyme activity of blood serum was observed

The diseases of newborn calves with a diarrhea syndrome are the most often registered. Application of the prebiotic preparations Biofon and Biofon-AIL to newborn calves daily with colostrum, milk or water in a dose of 20 ml within 20 days, allows to normalize intestinal digestion of an organism of young growth of calves at the expense of activization of microbiocenosis, stimulates metabolism and nonspecific resistance. Use of prebiotics allows to lower disease of young growth at Biofon application on 20%, Biofon-AIL - on 30% and to increase daily average additional weight gain of calves accordingly on 10,4% and 15,9%. Medical and preventive efficiency of application of prebiotic and probiotic preparations at enteritises at calves reaches 80-90%. Prebiotic preparations Biofon and Biofon-AIL make active nonspecific humoral immunity and exchange processes at newborn calves and can successfully be used for preventive maintenance and therapy of diseases of newborn calves with a diarrhea syndrome | У новорожденных телят наиболее часто регистрируются заболевания с диарейным синдромом. Применение пребиотических препаратов Биофон и Биофон АИЛ новорожденным телятам ежедневно с молозивом, молоком или водой в дозе 20 мл в течение 20 дней, позволяет нормализовать кишечное пищеварение организма молодняка за счет активизации микробиоценоза, стимулируют обмен веществ и неспецифическую резистентность. Использование пребиотиков позволяет снизить заболеваемость молодняка при применении биофона -на 20%, биофона-АИЛ - на 30% и увеличить среднесуточные привесы массы телят соответственно на 10,4% и 15,9%. Лечебная и профилактическая эффективность применения пребиотических и пробиотических препаратов при энтеритах у телят достигает 80-90%. Пребиотики Биофон и Биофон АИЛ активизируют неспецифический гуморальный иммунитет и обменные процессы у новорожденных телят и могут успешно использоваться для профилактики и терапии заболеваний новорожденных телят с диарейным синдромом

Influence of inorganic and organic salts of lithium on activity of amplifiers and concentration of metabolites in plasma of chicken blood in the process of vaccination against infectious bursal disease was studied in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. After administration of lithium of citrate, sulfate and succinate there were noted the metabolic disorders. Research results testified that a dry live-viral vaccine on the basis of a strain KMIEhV-61 did not render essential influence on biochemical indicators of blood plasma. At the same time, immunization of chickens against application of salts of lithium (carbonate, sulphate, citrate, succinate) caused to authentic decrease in activity of alanine aminotransferase that testified to function oppression of hepatocytes. Application of lithium of citrate, sulfate and succinate made it possible to considerably increase the concentration of uric acid that was connected, apparently, with infringement of secretory function of kidneys. Metabolic disorders were observed in various terms of research - at 3, 7 and 14 days after vaccine administration. | Изучено влияние неорганических и органических солей лития на активность индикаторных ферментов и концентрацию метаболитов в плазме крови цыплят при вакцинации против инфекционной бурсальной болезни (ИББ). Выявлены метаболические нарушения при использовании лития цитрата, сульфата и сукцината. Полученные результаты исследований свидетельствуют о том, что сухая живая вирус-вакцина из штамма КМИЭВ-61 не оказывает существенного влияния на биохимические показатели плазмы крови. В то же время иммунизация цыплят на фоне применения солей лития (карбонат, сульфат, цитрат, сукцинат) приводит к достоверному снижению активности АлТ, что свидетельствует об угнетении функции гепатоцитов. Применение лития цитрата, сульфата и сукцината способствует также достоверному повышению концентрации мочевой кислоты, что связано, по-видимому, с нарушением выделительной функции почек. Метаболические нарушения наблюдаются в различные сроки исследований - на 3, 7 и 14 дни после введения вакцины.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus by means of application of a scanning electron microscopy there was realized a morphological assessment of the efficiency of mono- and associated antiviral vaccines. It is shown, that analyzed biological preparations invoke in poultry a number of structural disorders among which it is possible to mention both immunomorphological changes, and pathomorphological processes. The highest reactogenicity was showed by of monovaccines against infectious bronchitis (produced by Research Institute of Animal Protection, Russia); infectious laryngotracheitis (Institute of Experimental Veterinary of S.N.Vyshelesskij, Belarus); and also an associated vaccine against infectious bronchitis, infectious bursal disease and Newcastle disease (Research Institute of Animal Protection, Russia). These vaccines caused essential structural disorders in tissues at a place of administration, liver and kidneys. Administration of the vaccine against infectious bursal disease and associated vaccines against infectious bronchitis, infectious bursal disease, infectious laryngotracheitis and Newcastle disease (Institute of Experimental Veterinary of S.N.Vyshelesskij) strengthened the processes of lymphatization in fabricic bursa. All studied biological products caused activization of morphological reorganization of immune apparatus of a spleen and did not render essential influence on thymus structure. | С использованием сканирующей электронной микроскопии проведена морфологическая оценка эффективности моно- и ассоциированных противовирусных вакцин. Показано, что указанные биопрепараты вызывают в организме птиц ряд структурных нарушений, среди которых можно выделить как иммуноморфологические изменения, так и патоморфологические процессы. Наибольшую реактогенность проявляли моновакцины против инфекционного бронхита кур (ФГУ ВНИИЗЖ, Россия), инфекционного ларинготрахеита (ИЭВ им. С.Н. Вышелесского), а также ассоциированная вакцина против ИБК, инфекционной бурсальной болезни и болезни Ньюкасла (ФГУ ВНИИЗЖ, Россия), которые вызывали существенные структурные нарушения в ткани на месте введения, печени и почках. Использование вакцины против ИББ и ассоциированной вакцины против ИБК, ИББ, ИЛТ и БН (ИЭВ им. С.Н. Вышелесского) усиливало процессы лимфатизации в фабрициевой бурсе. Все изучаемые биопрепараты вызывали активизацию морфологической перестройки иммунного аппарата селезенки и не оказывали существенного влияния на структуру тимуса.