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Major histocompatibility complex in Osteichthyes Full text
2020
Stosik, Michał | Tokarz-Deptuła, Beata | Deptuła, Wiesław
Major histocompatibility complex in Osteichthyes Full text
2020
Stosik, Michał | Tokarz-Deptuła, Beata | Deptuła, Wiesław
Based on analysis of available genome sequences, five gene lineages of MHC class I molecules (MHC I-U, -Z, -S, -L and -P) and one gene lineage of MHC class II molecules (MHC II-D) have been identified in Osteichthyes. In the latter lineage, three MHC II molecule sublineages have been identified (MHC II-A, -B and -E). As regards MHC class I molecules in Osteichthyes, it is important to take note of the fact that the lineages U and Z in MHC I genes have been identified in almost all fish species examined so far. Phylogenetic studies into MHC II molecule genes of sublineages A and B suggest that they may be descended from the genes of the sublineage named A/B that have been identified in spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus). The sublineage E genes of MHC II molecules, which represent the group of non-polymorphic genes with poor expression in the tissues connected with the immune system, are present in primitive fish, i.e. in paddlefish, sturgeons and spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus), as well as in cyprinids (Cyprinidae), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Full elucidation of the details relating to the organisation and functioning of the particular components of the major histocompatibility complex in Osteichthyes can advance the understanding of the evolution of the MHC molecule genes and the immune mechanism.
Show more [+] Less [-]Major histocompatibility complex in Osteichthyes Full text
2020
Stosik Michał | Tokarz-Deptuła Beata | Deptuła Wiesław
Based on analysis of available genome sequences, five gene lineages of MHC class I molecules (MHC I-U, -Z, -S, -L and -P) and one gene lineage of MHC class II molecules (MHC II-D) have been identified in Osteichthyes. In the latter lineage, three MHC II molecule sublineages have been identified (MHC II-A, -B and -E). As regards MHC class I molecules in Osteichthyes, it is important to take note of the fact that the lineages U and Z in MHC I genes have been identified in almost all fish species examined so far. Phylogenetic studies into MHC II molecule genes of sublineages A and B suggest that they may be descended from the genes of the sublineage named A/B that have been identified in spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus). The sublineage E genes of MHC II molecules, which represent the group of non-polymorphic genes with poor expression in the tissues connected with the immune system, are present in primitive fish, i.e. in paddlefish, sturgeons and spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus), as well as in cyprinids (Cyprinidae), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Full elucidation of the details relating to the organisation and functioning of the particular components of the major histocompatibility complex in Osteichthyes can advance the understanding of the evolution of the MHC molecule genes and the immune mechanism.
Show more [+] Less [-]SURVEY OF FISH DISEASES IN RANYA (RAPARIN ADMINISTRATION)/ SULAIMANIYA GOVERNORATE; CASE STUDY Full text
2020
Nasreen Mohi Alddin Abdulrahman | Adel Jabbar Hussein | Sulaiman Salah Sulaiman | Brwa Abbdulla Rasul
This study tends to survey of common problems and diseases of fish aquaculture projects atRaparin administration area which have 76 projects, three species of Cyprinidae, common carp, grasscarp, silver carp, in earthen and concrete ponds. By achieve the history of the disease outbreaks andunderstanding management strategies which applied by farmers, on this bases the collection of samplesfrom different cases at different regions of Raparin area, clinical examinations done. The results of thisstudy indicate the blow diseases and problems of fish aquaculture projects. Bacterial infections,hemorrhagic septicemia, Bacterial enteritis, Infectious dropsy, skin ulceration. Fungal infections,Saprolegniosis, epizootic ulcerative syndrome. Parasitic infections, Gyrodyctylus infection,Ductylogyrus infection, Argulosis. Bad management represented by poor nutrition, low applyingoxygen, and bad water quality.
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