Horses that have been retired from racing or imported from abroad are retired as broodmares. Whether at private farms or government institutes they are bred to stallions with the aim of improving fertility and enhancing the breed. Accidental deaths as a result of surgical or obstetrical complications lead to decreased productivity and economic losses to the horse breeding industry. Intussusception of the uterine horn is a frequent complication of the equine and bovine species, but rarely seen in other species. The most common causes are thought to be tearing of the placenta which is suspended from the uterus and ovaries and the weight of the placenta.

The present report was based on analysis of 410 cases (300 buffaloes and 110cattle) of reproductive disorders. Buffaloes (300 cases) constituted the major number of the total cases followed by cows (110 cases). Dystocia cases were the major obstetrical problem in buffaloes and cattle constituted 77 and 40 per cent, respectively.

A dead calf with cranial duplication removed by cesarean section under local infiltration anaesthesia. The cow made uneventful recovery after surgery without complication.

As distocias na espécie bovina são normalmente corrigidas por manobras obstétricas, sendo a extração forçada um procedimento obstétrico de risco, podendo causar injúrias tanto maternas quanto fetais. Partos induzidos com administração de ocitocina exógena nas inércias uterinas podem levar ao comprometimento fetal pela hipotensão e bradicardia materna, pois a ocitocina participa de regulações endócrinas e neuroendócrinas de órgãos como o coração e rins. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar as mensurações de frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial não-invasiva (PA) e eletrocardiograma de fêmeas bovinas da raça Holandesa agrupadas segundo a condição obstétrica: eutocia (G EUT; n = 10); distocia com manobra obstétrica (G DIST; n = 10); inércia uterina com infusão de ocitocina (G OCT; n = 10); nos seguintes momentos: pré-parto, intraparto, pós-parto imediato e uma hora após o parto. Os traçados eletrocardiográficos denotaram ritmo sinusal normal em todos os períodos. Observou-se taquicardia em todos os grupos, sendo que apenas no G OCT a FC pós-parto (111 ± 23 bpm) elevou-se estatisticamente em relação ao pré-parto (94 ± 11 bpm). Houve acréscimo significativo da PA no intraparto do G DIST (PA média = 101 ± 24 mmHg), decorrente de contrações uterinas e abdominais mais intensas. As fêmeas bovinas do Grupo OCT não apresentaram aumento significativo da PA diastólica intraparto em relação ao pré-parto como observado nos G EUT e G DIST. Os resultados apresentados demonstram que a distocia com correção manual eleva a pressão arterial das fêmeas bovinas, enquanto a administração de ocitocina altera momentaneamente as variáveis hemodinâmicas com possível efeito bradicárdico e hipotensor intraparto, impondo adaptação circulatória materna frente às alterações do parto. | Bovine dystocias are commonly assisted through obstetric procedures. However, manual traction delivery can be a dangerous strategy for the treatment of dystocia as it may lead to maternal and fetal injuries. Use of oxytocin for uterine atonia or hypotonia to induce contractions may compromise fetal welfare due to maternal hypotension and bradycardia, because this hormone regulates renal and heart endocrine and neuroendocrine actions. The aims of this study were to compare heart rate (HR) measurement, non-invasive blood pressure (BP) and electrocardiograms records of Holstein cows during the first stage of labour, intrapartum, immediately after calving and one hour later of physiological birth and dystocia. The animals were allocated in: group EUT - eutocia (n = 10); group DYST - dystocia with obstetric assistance (n = 10); group OCT - uterine inertia treated with oxytocin (n = 10). The electrocardiograph tracing showed a normal sinus rhythm during all parturition. Tachycardia was observed in all groups, however, group OCT showed higher heart rate immediately after calving (111 ± 23 bpm) than prepartum evaluation (94 ± 11 bpm). During labor, DYST G presented significantly higher BP (Medium BP = 101 ± 24 mmHg), due to uterine and abdominal strengthened contractions. Group OCT cows didn't show significative elevation on diastolic BP during calving as occurred on EUT and DYST groups. The present results indicate superior blood pressure on manual traction delivery of bovine females, while oxytocin infusion altered transitorily hemodynamic variables with a possible bradicardiac effect and intrapartum hypotension and impose maternal circulatory adaptation during parturition.