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Resistance of cattle to scrapie by the oral route
2001
Cutlip, R.C. | Jones, Ever | Hamir, A.N. | Peters, J. | Robinson, M.M. | Jenny, A.L. | Lehmkuhl, H.D. | Taylor, W.D. | Bisplinghoff, F.D.
Early epidemiological information indicated that bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) originated from scrapie in sheep. The question arose if scrapie in North America would induce a BSE-like disease in cattle. Six years ago, we reported that brain tissue from sheep with scrapie caused a neurologic disease when injected directly into the brains of cattle, but the disease induced was different from BSE as it occurs in the United Kingdom and Europe. Here, we report that cattle fed raw brain or meat and bone meal and tallow prepared from sheep with scrapie remained normal for 8 years after exposure. This work indicates that cattle are highly resistant to North American scrapie by the oral route.
Show more [+] Less [-]Epizootiological survey of hantavirus among rodent species in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Province, China
2001
Kariwa, H. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan)) | Cui, B.Z. | Araki, K. | Yoshimatsu, K. | Lokugamage, K. | Lokugamage, N. | Murphy, M.E. | Mizutani, T. | Arikawa, J. | Fukushima, H. | Hu, X. | Chen, J. | Takashima, I.
Hantaviral antibodies were detected in the sera from Apodemus (A.) agrarius and A. peninsulae captured in Ningxia province, China by several different serological diagnostic methods. A total of 409 sera from rodent and insectivore species were collected in 1999 and examined by indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (IFA). Among them, 19 of 191 (9.9%) sera of A. agrarius and 1 of 13 (7.7%) sera of A. peninsulae were positive for hantaviral antibodies. The other species (Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, Cricetulus triton, and Sorex cylindricauda) were negative. The reaction pattern of positive serum was characterized as scattered and granular virus antigens in the cytoplasm of hantavirus infected Vero E6 cells. Some of the A. agrarius sera positive for hantavirus were further examined by Western blotting (WB), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the focus reduction neutralization test FRNT By WB, positive sera showed the same specific reaction pattern of baculovirus-expressed recombinant hantaviral nucleocapsid protein, as shown in hantavirus-immune serum. By ELISA, IFA-positive sera showed significantly higher optical densities (around 1.0) than the negative A. agrarius sera. Hantaan type hantavirus was neutralized with the positive sera. These results suggest that A. agrarius have hantavirus infection and may play a role as a reservoir animal for hantavirus in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Province, China.
Show more [+] Less [-]Laboratory and field investigations into the Theileria parva carrier-state in cattle in Zimbabwe
2001
Latif, A.A. (Midrand Univ., Halfway House (South Africa). Faculty of Science) | Hove, T. | Kanhai, G.K. | Masaka, S.
The epidemiology of tuberculosis in free-ranging African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in the Kruger National Park, South Africa
2001
De Vos, V. (South African National Parks, Skukuza (South Africa). Kruger National Park) | Bengis, R.G. | Kriek, N.P.J. | Michel, A. | Keet, D.F. | Raath, J.P. | Huchzermeyer, H.F.K.A.
A review of the infectious diseases of African wild ruminants
2001
Worthington, R.W. | Bigalke, R.D.
Epidemiological observations of Zimbabwean theileriosis: Disease incidence and pathogenicity in susceptible cattle during Rhipicephalus appendiculatus nymphal and adult seasonal activity
2001
Latif, A.A. (Midrand Univ., Halfway House (South Africa). Faculty of Science) | Hove, T. | Kanhai, G.K. | Masaka, S. | Pegram, R.G.