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Echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac morphologic and functional variables in double-muscled calves.
1992
Amory H. | Kafidi N. | Lekeux P.
Immune response of cattle to Haemophilus somnus lipid A-protein conjugate vaccine and efficacy in a mouse abortion model.
1992
Inzana T.J. | Todd J.
Immunogenicity of the lipid A component of Haemophilus somnus lipooligosaccharide in cattle and mice was examined after purification, detoxification, and covalent conjugation to a protein carrier. After 2 inoculations, a substantial antibody response was induced in most cattle to lipid A and the protein carrier. To determine whether antibodies to lipid A would be protective, 5 X 10(7) colony-forming units of H somnus strain 649 were administered IV to endotoxin-responsive (C3H/HEN) mice. In one study, 8 of 13 C3H/HEN mice aborted when inoculated. In contrast, abortion did not result when mice were inoculated with the same dose of an isolate of H somnus normally found in the prepuce or with the rough mutant Escherichia coli J5. In addition, endotoxin-nonresponsive (C3H/HeJ) mice were significantly (P = 0.03) more resistant to abortion by strain 649 than were C3H/HeN mice, but inoculated C3H/HeN mice were only slightly more resistant to H somnus abortion, compared with control mice. Although a large antibody response to lipid A was detected, there was no significant difference in the immunized group between mice that aborted and mice that delivered normally. Thus, lipooligosaccharide and other properties of virulent H somnus strains may contribute to abortion in mice.
Show more [+] Less [-]Blood biochemical characteristics of cattle at sea level and at moderately high altitude (3,000 m).
1992
Ramirez G. | Bittle P.A. | Colice G.L. | Santacruz R. | Hidalgo A. | Noguera I. | Agosti S.J. | Foulis P.R.
We investigated the biochemical composition of blood from Holstein cows, native breed (criollas), and cows descended from fighting bulls (Vacas de lidia) raised at an altitude of 3,000 m (moderately high altitude, MHA), and compared the results with those from Holsteins and cows of similar genetic ancestry as the criollas (scrub cows), both raised at sea level (SL), to determine blood biochemical values characteristic of adaptation to high altitude. Only potassium and calcium concentrations were similar among groups. Glucose concentration was lower in MHA cows, with the exception of Vacas de lidia. Serum bicarbonate concentration was lower in MHA cows; this finding can be explained by hyperventilation in the hypoxic environment. Serum magnesium concentration was lower in SL and MHA Holsteins than in other groups. Serum phosphate concentration was lower in scrub cows, MHA Holsteins, and criollas than in other groups. Cholesterol concentrations were lower in SL Holsteins, whereas triglycerides were higher in scrub cows and MHA Vacas de lidia. Concentration of high-density lipoprotein was significantly greater in Vacas de lidia and less in MHA criollas than in the other groups. Uric acid and total protein were higher in MHA groups. Using radioimmunoassay for human proteins, thyroxine-binding globulin was undetectable. Total and free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine were higher in scrub cows, followed by Vacas de lidia; lower values were detected in SL and MHA Holsteins and MHA criollas.
Show more [+] Less [-]Modulation of thermal killing of bovine lymphocytes and preimplantation mouse embryos by alanine and taurine.
1992
Malayer J.R. | Pollard J.W. | Hansen P.J.
Addition of alanine and taurine blocked killing of lymphocytes caused by culture at 45 C. The optimal concentration for thermoprotection was achieved at 12.5 mM for L-alanine and 5 mM for taurine. Both D and L forms of alanine provided thermoprotection. The effect of these agents was not simply to increase osmolarity of the culture medium, because NaCl did not provide thermoprotection at comparable concentrations. Alanine and taurine were each tested at concentration of 50 mM for ability to block heat shock-induced killing and developmental retardation of 8- to 16-cell mouse embryos. Both agents enhanced embryo development after exposure to high temperature, though development remained less than that for embryos not exposed to high temperature. In one experiment, for example, 81% of embryos cultured at 38 C advanced in development during culture vs 0% at 42 C, 15% at 42 C with alanine, and 32% at 42 C with taurine. The beneficial effect of alanine at high temperature may have been partly attributable to effects independent of thermoprotection, because development of embryos cultured at 38 C was also improved by alanine.
Show more [+] Less [-]Attempt to eradicate bovine leukemia virus infected cattle from herds
1992
Wang, C.T. (National Taiwan Univ., Taipei (Taiwan)) | Onuma, M.
Virulence-associated plasmids of Salmonella spp, isolated from animals in Korea
1992
Choi, W.P. | Jung, S.C. (Kyungpook National University, Taegu (Korea Republic). Department of Veterinary Medicine)
Indocyanine green excretion test and changes of plasma enzyme activites in Korean native cattle and dairy cattle
1992
Son, M.S. | Choi, I.K. | Kim, J.G. | Hur, J.H. | Kang, C.B. (Gyeongsang Nat'l Univ., Chinju (Korea Republic). Coll. of Veterinary Medicine) | Kim, C.H. (Gyeongsangnamdo Veterinary Service Laboratory, Chinju (Korea Republic). )
A histological study on the development of scapula in the Korean native cattle
1992
Park, M.E. (Lucky Cosmetics Research Institute, Suwon (Korea Republic)) | Yang, H.H. | Paik, Y.K. | Lee, H.K. (Chonbuk National University, Chonju (Korea Republic). Department of Veterinary Medicine)
Anatomical studies on pattern of branches of hepatic arteries in Korean native cattle
1992
Kim, C.S. (Gyeongsang Nat'l Univ., Chinju (Korea Republic). Coll. of Veterinary Medicine)