Anthelmintic resistance against commonly used anthelmintics (ivermectin, levamisole, morantel and fenbendazole) was studied in naturally occurring gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes in adult sheep of unorganized sheep farms of district Ludhiana (Punjab). After qualitative and quantitative screening of faeces of 100 sheep, fifty sheep having eggs per gram of faeces (EPG) 500 were randomly selected and divided into five equal groups. Ivermectin @ 200 ìg/kg body weight and levamisole @ 7.5 mg/kg body weight, injected subcutaneously, in two different groups, were 99.08 and 98.17 per cent effective,respectively. Whereas, fenbendazole @ 7.5 mg/kg body weight and morantel citrate @ 6.0 mg/kg body weight, orally was 66.28 and 95.41 per cent effective and the fifth group was kept as untreated control with natural exposure to gastrointestinal nematodes. Hence, it was concluded that the naturally occurring GI nematodes of sheep were susceptible for ivermectin and levamisole, suspected for resistance against morantel citrate and were resistant to fenbendazole.

This study presents two clinical cases in Chinchilla and Himalayan rabbits, exhibiting symptoms such as alopecia, skin lesions, and ear lesions. Skin scrapings and fecal samples were collected and processed, revealing the presence of Sarcoptes scabiei mites, Psoroptes cuniculi mites, and Eimeria oocysts. Treatment involved subcutaneous administration of Ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg), accompanied by supportive and topical application of Benzyl benzoate. The rabbits displayed clinical improvement, with complete recovery observed within 30 days.

A female Ongole calf aged one year and nine months was found to have nodular development around the left eye and neck region. Clinical examination revealed that the calf had cutaneous papilloma (wart), which was treated with autohemotherapy, ivermectin and levamisole injections along with placement of a ligature around wart's base. On the third day of treatment, a large papilloma on the left lower eyelid dried up and sloughed off. On the tenth day of therapy, the warts on the upper eyelid and neck began to dry and flake off, leaving behind barely visible scars at the original growth sites. The animal underwent an uncomplicated recovery and completely recovered from the ailment.

Antiviral activity of ivermectin was examined against R2B strain of Newcastle disease virus in 9 - day old embryonated chicken eggs. Five distinct concentrations (500, 250, 100, 50, 10 µg/mL) of ivermectin were used in the study. Haemagglutination test was performed to determine the antiviral activity of ivermectin by using chicken RBC. The results revealed that ivermectin can exert a significant antiviral activity against Newcastle disease virus at higher concentrations (500, 250 and 100 µg/ml) but with cytotoxic effects. On the contrary a moderate to weak antiviral activity without cytotoxicity was demonstrated at lower concentrations (50, 10 µg/ml).

An outbreak of chorioptic mange infestation was observed in a sheep and goat flock during 2021 in the Kandukur village of Anantapur district, with a history of skin itching, thick scabs and loss of hair. Skin lesions were characterized by alopecica, crusty scabs on hind limbs, face, ears and scrotal region. Microscopic examination of deep skin scrapings revealed the presence of Chorioptes spp mites. Affected sheep and goats were treated with Ivermectin injection (200 mg/kg. body wt) administered subcutaneously weekly once for 2 weeks along with dipping using Butox spray (Deltamethrin) and supportive therapy with brotone syrup (liver tonic). Examination of deep skin scraping two weeks post treatment found negative for the Chorioptes spp mites.