Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a highly contagious transboundary disease ofcattle with significant economic burden. Our study is based on a questionnairedesigned to describe the epidemiological features keys of LSD in Basrah and toidentify putative risk factors. The information obtained from this questionnairespecifically included sex, age, vaccination status, clinical signs and the number ofdeath because of LSD in the cattle. This study was conducted from December 2018to May 2019, with a total of 251 cattle owners participated in the interview. Out of251 owners interviewed, 329 of their cattle were infected with LSD (accumulativeincidence estimated at 16.2%). The majority of owners (91.6%) admitted that theydid not segregate the infected animal from the rest of the herds. Respect to animalmanagement and farming system, the semi-intensive system of rearing animals wasthe most common farming system adapted by farmers (70%) while only 30% werekept under intensive system. The majority of the owners 97.2% (244/251) reportedthey were not received any vaccine of LSD. The mortality rate; however, measuredat 2% and the case-fatality rate measured at 11%. The abortion rate among infectedpregnant cows was calculated at 10.5%. The study concluded LSD is newlyemerging disease in Basrah and various preventative measures including restrictionillegal movement of animals, vector control, farm biosecurity and, vaccinationprogram need to be considered to prevent further new incidence cases

lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) was isolated, from naturally infected cattle that have a history of previous vaccination with live attenuated sheep pox virus (SPV) vaccine. The virus was isolated on chorio-allantoic membranes (CAM) of embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) and Madin Darby Bovine Kidney Cells (MDBK) and identified by agar gel precipitation test (AGPT) and immunofluorescent antibody technique (IFA). Characteristic pock lesions and intracyptoplasmic flourescene granules are identified respectively. Molecular characterization using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primer for G-Protein Coupled Chemokine Receptor Gene of LSDV isolates specific amplified product 554 bp. Sequence analysis revealed tow new isolates of LSDV.

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an endemic infectious disease of cattle in Egypt. This survey aimed to define the prevalence of clinical and sub-clinical LSD virus (LSDV) infection among cattle and investigate their contact with water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in order to improve the understanding of LSD epidemiology. Cattle and buffalo were examined owing to the appearance of skin lesions. Because clinical signs were consistent with LSDV infection, samples from cattle in a non-grazing dairy farm (n = 450) were submitted for LSDV testing together with those from the in-contact buffaloes (n = 100). Results revealed that the intra-herd percentage of cattle infected with LSDV varied with the detection method. This ranged from 22.4% to 65.4% by virus isolation (VI) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively, in clinical cattle samples, compared to 0% and 10% by VI and PCR in non-clinical cases. Using the neutralising index (NI), LSDV antibodies were found in 100% (n = 100) of the tested cow’s sera (NI = > 2.0 and ≥ 3.0), whereas buffalo’s sera (n = 34) displayed little increase in antibody level (NI ≥ 1.5). None of the buffalo were positive for LSDV by VI and PCR. In addition, there were no significant differences in LSD prevalence among the cattle with regard to age and sex. In conclusion, the occurrence of LSD in cattle warrants a further epidemiological study of the spread of the disease in the area and adoption of control and prevention strategies. In addition, the PCR assay was confirmed to be useful in the diagnosis of LSDV and for wider epidemiological studies.