Definition of quality parameters and chemical composition of feeds, evaluation their nutritional value and composing on this basis optimal rations for high productive animals are the most significant conditions for their health and production. More often metabolism disorders registers in the conditions of intensive animal production, at high dairy efficiency and intensive fattening. At animals at disorder of key parameters of technology (unbalanced feeding, hypodynamia, lack of insolation) is broken metabolism, decreases natural resistance, goes down quality of production that conducts to disease, premature culling and to the compelled slaughter of animals. On frequency these diseases occupy on the average 10% from all noncontagious diseases, and on dairy complexes with industrial technology and in specialized feeding economy at intensive cultivation on their share it is necessary over 30% of a noncontagious pathology. Today the control of rations on such indicators, as dry matter level, quantity of exchange energy, the maintenance of a crude and digested protein, amino acids, sugars, starch, cellulose, fat, macro-and microelements, vitamins, and also sugar-energy-protein and calcium-phosphoric parities, acid-base balance has got special value. The lack of those or other nutrients causes infringement of a clinical condition of animals and reduces their efficiency. Among the most widespread diseases of the animals registered in animal industry: cattle ketosis, osteodystrophy, endemic struma, hypomagnesiemia tetany, pasturable tetany, microelementosis, hypovitaminoses A and Е.

The use of low intensive red spectrum laser radiation for prevention of abomasoenteritis in calves is effective method. As a result the increase of erythrocytes level and saturation of them with hemoglobin happens. Natural resistance with bactericide and lysozyme activity are going up phagocytosis of neutrophils is activated. The most successful method are magnet-laser radiation of blood and laser acupuncture. There was studied the low intensive red spectrum laser radiation for prevention of abomasoenteritis in calves. During the research it is established, that preventive efficiency at abomasoenteritis in the first trial group has made 80%, in the second and the third - 90%. As a result of the spent work high preventive efficiency of action of the low intensive red spectrum laser radiation is established at prescription of through-skin blood irradiations by the therapeutic laser in a combination to a constant magnetic field and as a result influences on biologically active points. Application of these ways allows to reduce level of disease of animal abomasoenteritis. As a result of physiotherapeutic influence there is content increase of erythrocytes in blood of calves and saturation their haemoglobin. Natural resistance with bactericide and lysozyme activity are going up phagocytosis of neutrophils is activated. The most successful method are magnet-laser radiation of blood and laser acupuncture. It is caused by that positive changes occurring in an organism, have been more brightly expressed and besides preventive and economic efficiency of these ways of irradiation also were at higher level. In the tabular form dynamics of morphological indicators at calves under the influence of laser radiation, dynamics of indicators of natural resistance at calves as a result of the laser therapy, some biochemical indicators of blood is presented at carrying out of research.

The purpose of the research was establishment of hepatic diseases spread in cattle fattening. Trials were conducted with total number of hybrids IV-V generation of black-motley heifer with pedigree Hereford bulls. It has been established the wide spread (22,4%) of hepatic pathology. The leading place among all hepatic pathologies belongs to fatty hepatosis (13,4%) with weakly expressed symptoms, decrease of serum protein level, albumin, glucose and increase of bilirubin, globulins, hepatic enzymes and strong pathology-anatomical and histological manifestations. In the tabular form results of histologic research of liver, some biochemical indicators of blood of healthy and sick animals (M +/- m), the clinical symptoms revealed during the various periods are resulted | Целью исследований являлось изучение структуры и установление широты распространения болезней печени у крупного рогатого скота на откорме. Опыты проведены на широком поголовье помесей IV-V поколения тёлок чёрно-пёстрой породы с племенными быками герефордской породы. Установлено широкое (22,4%) распространение гепатопатий. Ведущее место среди различных форм поражения печени принадлежит жировому гепатозу - 13,4%, морфофункцинальный профиль которого определяется слабо выраженными клиническими симптомами, уменьшением уровня общего белка, альбуминов, глюкозы, повышением концентрации билирубина, активности гепатоспецифических ферментов, а также всех фракций глобулинов, яркой и характерной патологоанатомической и гистологической картиной. В табличной форме приведены результаты гистологического исследования печени, некоторые биохимические показатели крови здоровых и больных животных (M +/- m), клинические симптомы, выявленные в различные периоды

There was studied the ulcerous changes in a rennet stomach paries. The analysis of literary data has allowed to choose a way of reproduction of rennet stomach ulcer at calves by means of haemodynamic frustration of rennet stomach site. During experiment has been reproduced ulcer abomasit at 13 heifers. In the course of work the young growth of black-motley breed at the age of 1-2 months has been involved. Before operation to calves neuromuscular relaxant Rometar intramuscularly was entered. Then alcoholic narcosis on M.V.Plakhotin intravenously was entered. Belly cavity on a white line of stomach, receding from chondroxiphoid cartilage on 4-5 cm, was opened. A cut in length 10-12 cm was done. Through the formed aperture rennet stomach was taken, then on the big curvature gastroepiploic artery was found, into which by medical syringe through an insulinic needle was entered warmed up to 38 deg C the 8-% solution of sulfosalicylic acid in a dose of 5 ml. Changes from a serous cover of rennet stomach observed at once after introduction of acid solution. At first on an artery course rough spastic reductions of rennet stomach muscles have been noticed. After that, in the same place, there was anaemia of serous cover, then, stagnant hyperaemia. For the control of results in 3-5 weeks made the compelled slaughter of calves with the diagnostic purpose and found out rennet stomach ulcers of various size. Result of the given work is that the given method gives the chance to reproduce haemodynamic rennet stomach ulcer at calves of any age by means of 8% solution of sulfosalicylic acid. Thus, the experimental model of rennet stomach ulcer at the calves, caused by introduction of 8% solution of sulfosalicylic acid, is in the main similar to spontaneous disease. | Целью экспериментальной работы явилось изучение ульцерозных изменений в стенке сычуга. Анализ литературных данных позволил выбрать способ воспроизведения язвы сычуга у телят посредством гемодинамических расстройств участка сычуга. Во время эксперимента был воспроизведен язвенный абомазит у 13 телочек. В процессе работы был задействован молодняк крупного рогатого скота черно-пестрой породы в возрасте 1-2 месяцев. Перед операцией телятам вводили внутримышечно миорелаксант Рометар. Затем вводили внутривенно алкогольный наркоз по M.B. Плахотину. Брюшную полость вскрывали по белой линии живота, отступая от мечевидного хряща на 4-5 см. Делали разрез длиной 10-12 см. Через образовавшееся отверстие извлекали сычуг, затем находили на большой кривизне желудочно-сальниковую артерию, в которую шприцом через инсулиновую иглу вводили подогретый до 38 deg С 8-процентный раствор сульфосалициловой кислоты в дозе 5 мл. Изменения со стороны серозной оболочки сычуга наблюдали сразу же после введения раствора кислоты. Сначала по ходу артерии были замечены бурные спастические сокращения мышц сычуга. После этого, там же, возникала анемия серозной оболочки, затем, застойная гиперемия. Для контроля результатов через 3-5 недель производили вынужденный убой телят с диагностической целью и обнаруживали язвы сычуга различной величины. Результатом данной работы является то, что данный метод дает возможность воспроизводить гемодинамическую язву сычуга у телят любого возраста при помощи 8-процентного раствора сульфосалициловой кислоты. Таким образом, экспериментальная модель язвы сычуга у телят, вызванная введением 8-процентного раствора сульфосалициловой кислоты, в основных чертах сходна со спонтанным заболеванием.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus clinic and production conditions there was analyzed the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of a new national complex iron dextrane preparation Ferovital against deficiency (nutritional) anemia of new-born cattle and swine. In course of the study there were analyzed results of hematological and biochemical tests of blood of piglets which were administrated with Ferovital preparation. There were also marked the general economic index: live weight gain, disease incidence, piglet death rate, etc. Research results showed that the Ferovital preparation had an expressed prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy both in clinic and production conditions.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was determined the influence of lactulose of the clinical state of weanling piglets, as well as analysis of its preventive and therapeutic efficacy. For the experimental group of piglets in course of 5 days before weaning the lactulose for administrated daily in combination with feed in course of 5 days in dose of 0,002 gram per kilogram of live weight. In 3-5 days after weaning the diarrhea was stated in 4,1% of experimental piglets. The clinically evident efficiency of application of the synthetic disaccharide was showed in lowering of disbacteriosis level in weaning piglets on 33,7%. Besides, there was analyzed the therapeutic efficacy of lactulose for weaning piglets diseased with gastroenteritis. They were administrated lactulose in dose of 0,03 grams per kilogram of live weight once a day after feeding in course of 7 days. Haematologic and biochemical blood indexes of experimental and control groups of piglets were analyzed. Research results showed that application of lactulose promoted the creation of optimal conditions for beneficial microflora, stimulated its reproduction, suppressed the development of opportunistic pathogens.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was studied the clinical and biochemical status of pregnant cows, as well as the determination of the main reasons of disease incidence of new-born calves with dyspepsia (dyspeptic disorder). Realized clinical and biochemical studies showed that the inappropriate feeding of pregnant cows in animal breeding farms in housing season of husbandry caused the disorders of metabolic processes in the experimental animals. In blood there was noted the lowering of indexes of alkalinity reserve, glucose, phosphorous, carotine, disturbance of calcareous and phosphorous ratio. In other words, in pregnant cows there were stated the latent forms of osteodystrophia, hypovitaminosis A, hypoglycemia, and acidosis. All these factors caused the irritation and damage of liver and other organs. Mammary gland of diseased animals released colostrum milk of low quality and according to the content of nutritious and protective elements quantity it was of low quantity. Besides, derangements in calf feeding of pregnant nonmilking cows led to birth of calves with low resistance indexes to the influence of external environment factors.

Investigation of frequency of occurrence and manifestations of liver pathology of swine during the postmortem examination at meat packing plant of the Republic of Belarus was realized. Data analysis of reports of postmortem veterinary-sanitary examination gathered from two leasing national meat packing plants showed that out of 236187 of evaluated swine carcasses and organs in 40860 (17,3%) of cases there were registered different liver pathologies. Among the total number of liver pathologies in 5721 cases (14%) there were stated liver pathologies caused by invasive diseases (echinococcus disease (Echinococcus granulosus) – 1,5%; cysticercosis – 0,2%; migration traces of ascarid larva - 12,3%), and 31830 cases (86%) were caused by noncontagious diseases. The highest percentage among noncontagious liver diseases was stated for dystrophic organ changes (83,6%); the other 17,2% were caused by fibroid induration. During the morphological liver analysis there were stated the dystrophic and necrotic changes in fractions with the profound disturbance of blood circulation. At the same there was noted the disturbance of the whole fraction stricture, acute capillary engorgement in the central and peripheral zones

Investigation of connection of experimental trichophytosis and relations between changes of clinical implications of disease and dimensions of some immunological indexes was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. At the first stage of the experiment there analyzed 48 guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) infected with Trichopyton verrucosum. Phagocytic ability of phagocytes and level of circulating antibodies in indirect hemagglutination test were investigated each 5 days before and during disease. The second stage was realized by the example of 2,5-6 months old calves. In course of study there were analyzed blood and blood serum indexes, indexes of nonspecific resistance, as well as some indexes of cell-mediated immune response and antibody mediated immunity. Comparative analysis the following morphological and biochemical blood indexes of clinically healthy calves, calves after trichophytosis, and calves sick with mild, moderate and severe of disease were presented: erythrocytes; hemoglobin; leukocytes; basophils; eosinophiles; rods; microxyphils; lymphocytes; monocytes; ESR; total albumin; albumins; alpha globulins; beta globulins; gamma globulins; carotene; calcium; inorganic phosphorous; alkaline reserve; copper. The realized experiment made it possible to conclude that determination intensity of leukocyte absorption of microconidia of the agent, antibodies against the agent, and specific for cytoplasm fungus, morphological and biochemical blood indexes made it possible to control the development of inflammatory phenomenon in centers of infection, as well as to predict the formation of face, infiltrative and suppurant disease forms

Investigation of vitamin supply of cattle affected by fascioles in association with strongylatosis of gastro-intestinal tract was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus by an example of white-and-black 3-8 year old cows. Analysis of blood and blood serum of experimental animals showed that content of B1, B2, and E vitamins was lower in group of animals sick with fascioliasis and strongylatosis of gastro-intestinal tract. There were stated no changes in A and C vitamins content. Content of pyroracemic acid exceeded control indexes and was 22,0 +/- 0,173 mg/l. Content of vitamin A did not change and was 0,011 +/- 0,0012 mg/l for sick animals and 0,013 +/- 0,0043 mg/l at healthy animals. Content of vitamin C was different for sick and healthy animals: 1,685 +/- 0,190 mg/l and 1,93 +/- 0,294 mg/l, respectively. Research results proved that treatment of cattle sick with helminth infestation should be realized in complex. It was proposed to apply premixes and vitamin preparations containing B1, B2, as well as A, E, and C vitamins for the increasing of natural protection and for the creation of unfavourable conditions for disease agents